Isolation, Characterization and Antibiogram of Mycoplasma bovis in Sheep Pneumonia

Detection of Mycoplasma bovis in Pneumonic Calves

“…The results of current study showed diagnosis of M. bovis from 86.5% of the positive lungs for Mycoplasma, which means the presence of other Mycoplasma species (13.5%) that may be playing a role in the occurrence of pneumonia in calves, and there are many universal studies that confirmed the presence of other Mycoplasma species excluding M. bovis in pneumonic calves lungs, as well as they may be isolated or were diagnosed in an excessive rates and in some times in a rates higher than M. bovis 23,[26][27]36 . While other studies reviewed no diagnosis of M. bovis from pneumonic infections in calves [37][38] .…”

Advances in Diagnosis of Respiratory Diseases of Small Ruminants

“…These conditions involve respiratory tract as primary target and lesions remain confined to either upper or lower respiratory tract [ 7 , 16 ]. Thus, these diseases can be grouped as follows [ 5 , 8 , 14 , 17 ].…”

“…Advances in diagnostic tools and assays help strengthening the surveillance and monitoring systems of animal diseases. The latest advances in molecular techniques have assisted in the rapid and confirmatory diagnosis of the diseases and epidemiological studies to formulate appropriate and timely prevention, treatment, and control measures, and alleviation of economic losses to animal producers [ 1 , 7 , 13 , 22 , 23 ].…”

“…Pasteurellosis is associated with a close animal contact and may be transmitted by animal bite [ 88 , 89 ]. Severe clinical conditions occur when the organism is associated with other infectious agents, such as mycoplasma, chlamydia, and viruses [ 7 , 9 ]. Environmental conditions and various stress factors such as transportation, housing deficiency, and bad weather also play a role to further aggravate the clinical conditions.…”

“…The condition becomes adverse when bacterial as well as viral infections are combined particularly under adverse weather conditions [ 1 ]. Moreover, under stress, immunocompromised, pregnant, lactating, and older animals easily fall prey to respiratory habitats, namely, Streptococcus pneumoniae , Mannheimia haemolytica , Bordetella parapertussis , Mycoplasma species, Arcanobacterium pyogenes , and Pasteurella species [ 2 , 4 , 7 – 9 , 12 , 13 ]. Such infections pose a major obstacle to the intensive rearing of sheep and goat and diseases like PPR, bluetongue, and ovine pulmonary adenomatosis (Jaagsiekte) adversely affect international trade [ 2 , 9 , 10 , 13 ], ultimately hampering the economy.…”