Isolation by Distance in Populations with Power-law Dispersal

Tb, Smith; Db, Weissman

doi:10.1101/2020.06.24.168211

Cited by 7 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 107 publications

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“…Nevertheless, IBD decreased more gradually with the increasing spatial scale of observation in the stepping-stone case, plateaued at non-zero values, and presented much stronger levels of significance than the empirical data. The weaker IBD signal that we observed with long-distance dispersal is consistent with analytical IBD models that include long-distance dispersal [55].…”

Section: (B) Individual-based Simulationssupporting

confidence: 87%

Restricted dispersal in a sea of gene flow

et al. 2021

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How far do marine larvae disperse in the ocean? Decades of population genetic studies have revealed generally low levels of genetic structure at large spatial scales (hundreds of kilometres). Yet this result, typically based on discrete sampling designs, does not necessarily imply extensive dispersal. Here, we adopt a continuous sampling strategy along 950 km of coast in the northwestern Mediterranean Sea to address this question in four species. In line with expectations, we observe weak genetic structure at a large spatial scale. Nevertheless, our continuous sampling strategy uncovers a pattern of isolation by distance at small spatial scales (few tens of kilometres) in two species. Individual-based simulations indicate that this signal is an expected signature of restricted dispersal. At the other extreme of the connectivity spectrum, two pairs of individuals that are closely related genetically were found more than 290 km apart, indicating long-distance dispersal. Such a combination of restricted dispersal with rare long-distance dispersal events is supported by a high-resolution biophysical model of larval dispersal in the study area, and we posit that it may be common in marine species. Our results bridge population genetic studies with direct dispersal studies and have implications for the design of marine reserve networks.

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Section: (B) Individual-based Simulationssupporting

confidence: 87%

Restricted dispersal in a sea of gene flow

et al. 2021

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“…The first instance of a long-range Wright-Malécot formula was established in [For22], in which a long-range behaviour of ancestral lineages always occurred together with global coalescence. This was complemented and confirmed by the simulation-based approach of [TW20]. Exploring dimensions one and two, Smith and Weissman discovered that the same stable behaviour of ancestral lineages can appear together with both local and global coalescence (see page 3f.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 82%

“…In plants, long-distance dispersal of seeds has even been proposed to be an instance of the Levy foraging hypothesis ( [TdJBS20]). However, only recently, the paper ( [For22]) and Smith and Weissman ( [TW20]) have started to classify regimes of probability of identity by descent patterns under long-range reproduction. Exceptionally large events can even persist in the limit and lead to ancestral lineages described by stable processes.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Stochastic partial differential equations describing neutral genetic diversity under short range and long range dispersal

Forien

2022

Electron. J. Probab.

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In this paper, we uncover new asymptotic probability of identity by descent patterns occurring under long-range dispersal of offspring. We extend a recent work of the first author, in which this information was obtained from forwards-in-time dynamics using a novel stochastic partial differential equations approach for spatial Λ-Fleming-Viot models. The latter was introduced by Barton, Etheridge and Véber as a framework to model the evolution of the genetic composition of a spatially structured population. Reproduction takes place through extinction-recolonisation events driven by a Poisson point process. In events, in certain areas, a parent is sampled and a proportion of the population is replaced. We generalize the previous approach to spatial Λ-Fleming-Viot models by allowing the area from which a parent is sampled during events to differ from the area in which offspring are dispersed, and the radii of these regions follow power-law distributions. In particular, while in previous works the motion of ancestral lineages and coalescence behaviour were closely linked, we demonstrate that local and non-local coalescence is possible for ancestral lineages governed by both fractional and standard Laplacians.

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“…Understanding the competing effects of local and long-range dynamics on genealogies in our forward-in-time simulations could also aid the construction of backward-in-time models that incorporate long-range dispersal ( Berestycki et al . 2013 ; Smith and Weissman 2020 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The influence of explicit local dynamics on range expansions driven by long-range dispersal

Villiger

Paulose

2023

G3: Genes, Genomes, Genetics

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Range expansions are common in natural populations. They can take such forms as an invasive species spreading into a new habitat or a virus spreading from host to host during a pandemic. When the expanding species is capable of dispersing offspring over long distances, population growth is driven by rare but consequential long-range dispersal events that seed satellite colonies far from the densely occupied core of the population. These satellites accelerate growth by accessing unoccupied territory, and also act as reservoirs for maintaining neutral genetic variation present in the originating population, which would ordinarily be lost to drift. Prior theoretical studies of dispersal-driven expansions have shown that the sequential establishment of satellites causes initial genetic diversity to be either lost or maintained to a level determined by the breadth of the distribution of dispersal distances. If the tail of the distribution falls off faster than a critical threshold, diversity is steadily eroded over time; by contrast, broader distributions with a slower falloff allow some initial diversity to be maintained for arbitrarily long times. However, these studies used lattice-based models and assumed an instantaneous saturation of the local carrying capacity after the arrival of a founder. Real-world populations expand in continuous space with complex local dynamics, which potentially allow multiple pioneers to arrive and establish within the same local region. Here, we evaluate the impact of local dynamics on the population growth and the evolution of neutral diversity using a computational model of range expansions with long-range dispersal in continuous space, with explicit local dynamics that can be controlled by altering the mix of local and long-range dispersal events. We found that many qualitative features of population growth and neutral genetic diversity observed in lattice-based models are preserved under more complex local dynamics, but quantitative aspects such as the rate of population growth, the level of maintained diversity, and the rate of decay of diversity all depend strongly on the local dynamics. Besides identifying situations in which modeling the explicit local population dynamics becomes necessary to understand the population structure of jump-driven range expansions, our results show that local dynamics affects different features of the population in distinct ways, and can be more or less consequential depending on the degree and form of long-range dispersal as well as the scale at which the population structure is measured.

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Isolation by Distance in Populations with Power-law Dispersal

Cited by 7 publications

References 107 publications

Restricted dispersal in a sea of gene flow

Restricted dispersal in a sea of gene flow

Stochastic partial differential equations describing neutral genetic diversity under short range and long range dispersal

The influence of explicit local dynamics on range expansions driven by long-range dispersal

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