Isolation and Structures of AK-Toxin I and II, Host-specific Phytotoxic Metabolites Produced by<i>Alternaria alternata</i>Japanese Pear Pathotype

Nakashima, Torahiko; Ueno, Tamio; Fukami, Hiroshi; Taga, Tooru; Masuda, Hideki; Osaki, Kunihiro; Otani, Hiroshi; Kohmoto, Keisuke; Nishimura, S.

doi:10.1080/00021369.1985.10866773

Cited by 20 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 6 publications

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“…The unsaturated fatty acid moiety 4-methyl-2 E ,4 E -hexadienoate present in 1 has been found only in salinamide C from Streptomyces and daldinin F from Hypoxylon . β-Methylphenylalanine is a rare amino acid reported from two classes of microbial metabolites, bottromycins from Streptomyces and AK toxins from Alternaria . While these compounds contain the (2 S ,3 S )-isomer of this unusual amino acid, 1 is the first natural product that contains the (2 S ,3 R )-isomer.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Jomthonic Acid A, a Modified Amino Acid from a Soil-Derived Streptomyces

Igarashi

Ikeda

et al. 2012

J. Nat. Prod.

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confidence: 99%

Jomthonic Acid A, a Modified Amino Acid from a Soil-Derived Streptomyces

Igarashi

Ikeda

et al. 2012

J. Nat. Prod.

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“…Another biorational approach that has met with success is the development of herbicides from fungal metabolites (20). Host-specific toxins (HSTs) can be utilized to design selective herbicides because of their extremely potent specific phytotoxicity that originates from their characteristic structural features.…”

Section: Structure-activity Studies Of Natural Pest Control Agentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

New Applications for Phytochemical Pest-Control Agents

Hedin

Hollingworth

1997

Phytochemicals for Pest Control

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Natural products from plants continue to be the subject of novel and straightforward applications as pest control agents. It is noteworthy that these agents are perhaps most often isolated from plants or associated microorganisms that grow in the humid tropics where the competition to survive and even thrive is intense. Therefore, there is the expectation that those compounds may be especially fit to compete.This chapter surveys and highlights presentations given at the December 1995 International Chemical Congress of Pacific Basin Societies held in Honolulu, which have now been compiled as a book consisting of sections on identification and utilization of biologically active natural products, novel natural products with applications for pest management, structure-activity studies of natural products pest control agents, and biologically active proteins and peptides affecting insects.As the development of diverse uses of these and succeeding agents continue to evolve, populations, animals, and crops will increasingly be protected from a broad spectrum of pests by more selective technologies.These agents may also serve as lead compounds for the development of economically superior agents against pests.For thousands of years, people have recognized that plants contained substances that could promote health and cure illnesses, and they observed that some plants resisted pests better than others. Through trial and error, people discovered the applications of these substances and developed procedures for their extraction and use. With the advent of modern chemistry, the structures of many of these biologically active agents became known, and the systematic studies of natural products that protected plants from pests became a recognized activity within the field of chemistry.

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Molecular karyotypes for Alternaria plant pathogens known to produce host-specific toxins

et al. 1999

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There are at least ten plant diseases caused by Alternaria species in which host-specific toxins (HSTs) are responsible for fungal pathogenicity. Of these HST-producers, seven are considered distinct pathotypes of the species Alternaria alternata, and the remaining three are among other species of pathogenic Alternaria. Inter- and intra-specific variation among Alternaria taxa, including HST-producers, was determined by electrophoretic karyotyping using pulsed-field gel electrophoresis. A. alternata including seven pathotypes of A. alternata and eight non-pathogenic strains had 9-11 chromosomal bands with estimated sizes ranging from 0.4 to 5.7 Mb. In contrast, Alternaria species that are morphologically distinct from A. alternata had 8-10 bands with sizes between 0.9 and 5.7 Mb. Estimated genome sizes of A. alternata and other Alternaria species ranged from 28.8 to 33.6 Mb and 25.1 to 30.7 Mb, respectively. Other species of pathogenic Alternaria were difficult to differentiate from A. alternata on the basis of chromosome-size polymorphisms alone, but Southern analysis using rDNA as a probe could, in some cases, differentiate between them. These results were cytologically confirmed by 4',6-diamidino-2-phenylindole (DAPI) staining and fluorescence in situ hybridization with a rDNA probe for mitotic metaphase chromosomes prepared by the germ-tube burst method.

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Isolation and Structures of AK-Toxin I and II, Host-specific Phytotoxic Metabolites Produced byAlternaria alternataJapanese Pear Pathotype

Cited by 20 publications

References 6 publications

Jomthonic Acid A, a Modified Amino Acid from a Soil-Derived Streptomyces

Jomthonic Acid A, a Modified Amino Acid from a Soil-Derived Streptomyces

New Applications for Phytochemical Pest-Control Agents

Molecular karyotypes for Alternaria plant pathogens known to produce host-specific toxins

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