Isolation and Screening from Soil Biodiversity for Fungi Involved in the Degradation of Recalcitrant Materials

Temporiti, Marta Elisabetta Eleonora; Daccò, Chiara; Nicola, Lidia

doi:10.3791/63445

Cited by 2 publications

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“…The soil used was collected from the Integral Nature Reserve Soil “Bosco Siro Negri”, located in a small strip of the Po Valley near the district of Pavia (Italy, PV, 45° 21′ 03.49″ N; 9° 05′ 78.16″ E; 65 m.a.s.l.). The fungal strains from this isolation campaign were subjected to growth tests on different plastic powders (PET, polyvinyl chloride (PVC), high density polyethylene (HDPE), polystyrene (PS), and polyurethane (PUR)), according to Temporiti et al 62 . Moreover, the strains were screened for the production of the main enzymes involved in plastic degradation, such as laccases, lignocellulolytic enzymes, esterases, and cutinases.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Moreover, the strains were screened for the production of the main enzymes involved in plastic degradation, such as laccases, lignocellulolytic enzymes, esterases, and cutinases. The qualitative enzyme assays for laccases, lignocellulolytic enzymes and esterases were performed according to Temporiti et al 62 , while cutinases test was performed mixing NaNO 3 (3 g/L), K 2 HPO 4 (1 g/L), KCl (0.5 g/L), FeSO 4 .7H 2 O (0.01 g/L), 1% w/v flaxseed oil, phenol red (25 mg/L), and agar (17 g/L). These assays allowed the qualitative evaluation of the enzymatic activity intensity through the colour turning of the medium or particulate precipitation.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Exploring the infiltrative and degradative ability of Fusarium oxysporum on polyethylene terephthalate (PET) using correlative microscopy and deep learning

Cognigni,

Temporiti,

Nicola

et al. 2023

Sci Rep

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Managing the worldwide steady increase in the production of plastic while mitigating the Earth’s global pollution is one of the greatest challenges nowadays. Fungi are often involved in biodegradation processes thanks to their ability to penetrate into substrates and release powerful catabolic exoenzymes. However, studying the interaction between fungi and plastic substrates is challenging due to the deep hyphal penetration, which hinders visualisation and evaluation of fungal activity. In this study, a multiscale and multimodal correlative microscopy workflow was employed to investigate the infiltrative and degradative ability of Fusarium oxysporum fungal strain on polyethylene terephthalate (PET) fragments. The use of non-destructive high-resolution 3D X-ray microscopy (XRM) coupled with a state-of-art Deep Learning (DL) reconstruction algorithm allowed optimal visualisation of the distribution of the fungus on the PET fragment. The fungus preferentially developed on the edges and corners of the fragment, where it was able to penetrate into the material through fractures. Additional analyses with scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Raman and energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX) allowed the identification of the different phases detected by XRM. The correlative microscopy approach unlocked a more comprehensive understanding of the fungus-plastic interaction, including elemental information and polymeric composition.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Exploring the infiltrative and degradative ability of Fusarium oxysporum on polyethylene terephthalate (PET) using correlative microscopy and deep learning

Cognigni,

Temporiti,

Nicola

et al. 2023

Sci Rep

Self Cite

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The Analysis of the Mycobiota in Plastic Polluted Soil Reveals a Reduction in Metabolic Ability

Temporiti

Nicola

Girometta

et al. 2022

JoF

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Plastic pollution is a growing environmental issue that results in its accumulation and persistence in soil for many decades, with possible effects on soil quality and ecosystem services. Microorganisms, and especially fungi, are a keystone of soil biodiversity and soil metabolic capacity. The aim of this research was to study soil fungal biodiversity and soil microbial metabolic profiles in three different sites in northern Italy, where macro- and microplastic concentration in soil was measured. The metabolic analyses of soil microorganisms were performed by Biolog EcoPlates, while the ITS1 fragment of the 18S ribosomal cDNA was used as a target for the metabarcoding of fungal communities. The results showed an intense and significant decrease in soil microbial metabolic ability in the site with the highest concentration of microplastics. Moreover, the soil fungal community composition was significantly different in the most pristine site when compared with the other two sites. The metabarcoding of soil samples revealed a general dominance of Mortierellomycota followed by Ascomycota in all sampled soils. Moreover, a dominance of fungi involved in the degradation of plant residues was observed in all three sites. In conclusion, this study lays the foundation for further research into the effect of plastics on soil microbial communities and their activities.

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Isolation and Screening from Soil Biodiversity for Fungi Involved in the Degradation of Recalcitrant Materials

Cited by 2 publications

References 0 publications

Exploring the infiltrative and degradative ability of Fusarium oxysporum on polyethylene terephthalate (PET) using correlative microscopy and deep learning

Exploring the infiltrative and degradative ability of Fusarium oxysporum on polyethylene terephthalate (PET) using correlative microscopy and deep learning

The Analysis of the Mycobiota in Plastic Polluted Soil Reveals a Reduction in Metabolic Ability

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