Isolation and Molecular Characterization of Mycoplasma gallisepticum and Mycoplasma synoviae in Chickens in Sudan

Abstract

The current study described the isolation and molecular detection of Mycoplasma gallisepticum (Mg) and Mycoplasma synoviae from tracheal swabs of diseased birds showing signs of respiratory distress in selected commercial (layer and broiler) farms and from yolk and an open air of pens of vaccinated breeder flocks in Sudan. A number of 45 Mycoplasma isolates were recovered from chickens in Khartoum, Gezira, and Equatoria states in Sudan. Of these, eight Mg and three Ms isolates were identified using growth inhibition and rapid serum agglutination (RSA) tests. The conventional PCR technique was applied to amplify 140 bp and 720 bp DNA fragments for the Mg and Ms, respectively. This research confirmed vertical and horizontal transmission of Mg from breeder farms through detection of Mg in yolk of fertile eggs and an air of pens despite previous vaccination. PCR is considered a rapid, sensitive, and cheap method and it will improve the diagnosis of Mycoplasma in chickens.

Detection of Mycoplasma gallisepticum Infection in Turkey and Chicken Farms of Tamilnadu, India

“…Further, on PPLO agar, colonies appeared after 3-4 days of incubation and resembled the appearance of fried egg under stereo microscope (Fig. 2) as reported previously (Khalifa et al, 2013). Here, we could observe such morphology only in three isolates, each one from of infraorbital sinus of turkey and tissue samples and cheesy exudate from infraorbital sinuses of chicken.…”

Isolation and Phylogenetic Analysis of Avian Mycoplasmas from Poultry Affected with Respiratory Infections in India

“…In the present study although the low prevalence of M. synoviae (1.08%) was recorded by cultural isolation yet it seems to be the first report of isolation of M. synoviae from chicken affected with respiratory infections in northern region of the country. Similarly, in Jordan and India (Chennai) MS isolation was reported up to 2.3% and 2.4% respectively from tracheal swabs of chicken flocks affected with respiratory infections (Khalifa et al, 2013;Ramadass et al, 2006).…”

Comparison of Mycoplasma gallisepticum Infection in Different Samples and Ages of Chicken Breeder Flocks

“…The cultivation techniques of Mycoplasma are laborious, slow, expensive, time-consuming (require 4-30 days) and are complicated by overgrowth by faster-growing Mycoplasma species or other organisms, which also give low serological response or no growth in subculture (Khalda et al, 2013). Sterile samples can be obtained, but it is almost impossible, especially in later years of the animal's life.…”

“…Cultivation techniques are laborious, slow, time-consuming (require 4-30 days), expensive and require sterile conditions. Other problems experienced with culture methods include overgrowth by faster-growing Mycoplasma species or other organisms, which also give low serological responses or no growth in subculture (Khalda et al, 2013). Serology including ELISA is much faster than culturing, but nonspecific reactions and cross-reactions between bacterial species, misinterpretations due to recent vaccination, and high cost are all disadvantages of serology.…”