Isolation and identification of unique marker compounds from the Tasmanian poppy Papaver somniferum N.

Odell, Luke R.; Skopec, Jana; McCluskey, Adam

doi:10.1016/j.forsciint.2007.07.002

Cited by 12 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 11 publications

(14 reference statements)

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“…The application of highly sensitive methods such as gas (GC) or liquid chromatography (HPLC) with mass spectrometry (MS) naturally allows for the discrimination between the Papaver species [12], determining high and low alkaloid content varieties [1,13], the geographical origin of poppy varieties [14], or promising breeding lines [15,16]. Nevertheless, it seems that these methods are not sufficiently reliable at the fine scale necessary for the discrimination of individual varieties.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

New EST-SSR Markers for Individual Genotyping of Opium Poppy Cultivars (Papaver somniferum L.)

Vašek

Čílová

Melounová

et al. 2019

Plants

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High-quality simple sequence repeat (SSR) markers are invaluable tools for revealing genetic variability which could be utilized for many purposes, such as breeding new varieties or the identifying current ones, among other applications. Based on the analysis of 3.7 million EST sequences and 15 genomic sequences from bacterial artificial chromosome (BAC) libraries, 200 trinucleotide genic (EST)-SSR and three genomic (gSSR) markers were tested, where 17 of them fulfilled all criteria for quality markers. Moreover, the reproducibility of these new markers was verified by two genetics laboratories, with a mean error rate per allele and per locus equal to 0.17%. These markers were tested on 38 accessions of Papaver somniferum and nine accessions of another five species of the Papaver and Argemone genera. In total, 118 alleles were detected for all accessions (median = 7; three to ten alleles per locus) and 88 alleles (median = 5; three to nine alleles per locus) within P. somniferum alone. Multivariate methods and identity analysis revealed high resolution capabilities of the new markers, where all but three pair accessions (41 out of 47) had a unique profile and opium poppy was distinguished from other species.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

New EST-SSR Markers for Individual Genotyping of Opium Poppy Cultivars (Papaver somniferum L.)

Vašek

Čílová

Melounová

et al. 2019

Plants

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“…A hypothetical metabolite is included. The chemical structure of morphine is included for comparison Forensic Toxicol (2011) 29:152-158 155 [18], Papaver bracteatum, and Papaver orientale [19]. The last two plants do not contain morphine; they are not known for medicinal use or abuse, and are, therefore, of no relevance to the argument of the present work.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Oripavine as a new marker of opiate product use

2011

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During our extensive surveillance of opiates in urine specimens of opium users, we noticed the appearance of an unknown peak (compound X) in total ion chromatograms obtained by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) after enzymatic hydrolysis and trimethylsilyl (TMS) derivatization. We identified the compound X as oripavine. Oripavine was found to be a new and useful putative marker of opium/poppy seed use in differentiation from heroin, pharmaceutical codeine, and pharmaceutical morphine use. The presence of oripavine in the urine of opium users is probably the result of O-demethylation of the opium alkaloid thebaine. Analytical method optimization for GC-MS detection of oripavine in urine was also undertaken. Underivatized oripavine could not be detected by GC-MS, and trials for derivatization of oripavine with acetic anhydride and propionic anhydride were unsuccessful. Trials were successful with bis(trimethylsilyl)trifluoroacetamide/trimethylchlorosilane. It was also disclosed that almost all amounts of oripavine in human urine existed in the unconjugated form; it was absolutely necessary to hydrolyze the conjugate before TMS derivatization of oripavine for its GC-MS analysis.Keywords Oripavine Á Marker of opiate product use Á Opium Á Poppy seed Á Thebaine metabolism Á GC-MS

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“…The heroin signature program was developed to determine the origin of heroin from Tasmania (Odell et al, 2008). The heroin signature program was developed to determine the origin of heroin from Tasmania (Odell et al, 2008).…”

Section: Metabolomicsmentioning

confidence: 99%