Isolation and identification of the components of the tar of hickory wood smoke

Abstract

The volatile components of hickory wood tar were fractionated by preparative gas chromatography. Individual fractions were analyzed on a Carbowax 20M 50 ft x 0.02 in. support coated open tubular column (SCOT) coupled to a mass spectrometer.The following compounds are among those being reported for the first time from hickory wood tar: 2-methyl-2-butenoic acid; benzaldehyde; 2-ace-tylfuran; 2-cyclohexenone; 4-propylguaiacol; 4methylveratrol;3-methyl-2-cyclopenten-l-one; 2,3-pentanedione; acetophenone; resorcinol;vinylphenol; 2,6-dimethylphenol; and 2-ethylphenol. A total of six aldehydes, eight ketones, four esters, six furans, 12 aromatic hydrocarbons, 32 phenols, and 13 acids were identified.

The flavor chemistry of wood smoke

“…Therefore, in general, flavor chemists currently conclude that the overall characteristic flavor of (18,22,33,36,48) Acetic (ethanoic) (4,6,12,16,18,22,24,25,29,32,33,36,37,39,43,48) Glycolic (hydroxyethanoic) (48) Propionic (propanoic) (4,6,12,16,18,20,22,24,29,32,33,36,37,43,48) Isobutyric (2-methylpropanoic) (4,18,20,29,32,33,37,48) Acrylic (propenoic) (48) Methacrylic (methylpropenoic) (20,48) Butyric (butanoic) (4,6,…”

Wine Flavor and Phenolic Substances

“…Caffeic and £-coumaric acids would be expected to produce analogous derivatives. These along with a total of 32 phenols are principal components of smoke and smoky flavors (36). However, these compounds are produced under conditions much short of pyrolysis such as mashing of grain for whiskey (37) or heating of apple juice (38).…”

Lignans and anthraquinones from the fruits ofMorinda citrifolia

“…The water-insoluble portion was repeatedly chromatographed on silica gel and Sephadex LH-20, and separated by HPLC to afford two new anthraquinones 1,6-dihydroxy-5-methoxy-2-methoxymethylanthraquinone (1) and 1,5,7-trihydroxy-6-methoxy-2-methoxymethylanthraquinone (2), along with four known compounds, scopoletin [12], luteolin [13], americanin A [14][15][16], and americanin D [17,18]. The water-soluble portion was also repeatedly chromatographed on Diaion HP-20, silica gel, and Sephadex LH-20, and purified by HPLC to afford one new lignan isoamericanoic acid A (3), together with seven known compounds 3,3 0 -bisdemethylpinoresinol [16], p-cresol [19,20], p-hydroxybenzoic acid [21], p-hydroxybenzaldehyde [22,23], 4-hydroxy-3-methoxybenzaldehyde [24], 4-hydroxy-3-methoxycinnamaldehyde [24], and 2,5-dihydroxy-4-methoxybenzaldehyde [25].…”