Isolation and Identification of Progesterone and 20α-Hydroxypregn-4-en-3-one in Ovarian Venous Blood of Rabbits

Simmer, Hans H.; Hilliard, Jessamine; Archibald, Donna

doi:10.1210/endo-72-1-67

Cited by 20 publications

(7 citation statements)

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“…However, to date no clear intraovarian function has been assigned to it. In rabbits it is believed to be a source of progestagens (Hilliard, Archibald & Sawyer, 1963 ;Simmer, Hilliard & Archibald, 1963), while in the human it is considered to have an androgen-secreting capacity (Hammerstein, Rice & Savard, 1964;Rice & Savard, 1966;Savard, 1969). It has been stated that atresia of preovulatory follicles does not give PLATE 1 Fig.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Follicular development in the sheep after priming with PMSG

Cran¹

1983

Reproduction

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The administration of PMSG to sheep early in the oestrous cycle (Days 2 or 3) results in the formation of follicular cysts of varied morphology by Days 8 or 9. These may persist for up to 14 days after injection. If PMSG is given on Day 5 or later approximately 50% of such cysts ovulate. However, when PMSG is given at the beginning of the cycle (Day 2 or 3), the membrana granulosa is lost from the majority of the cysts and the theca interna luteinizes. The major hormone secreted by such luteinized follicles is progesterone. The structure of the steroid-secreting cells of the follicles is similar to that of large luteal cells of granulosa cell origin in cyclic corpora lutea. It is suggested that under suitable luteinizing conditions thecal cells may acquire many of the characteristics of granulosa cells.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Follicular development in the sheep after priming with PMSG

Cran¹

1983

Reproduction

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“…was gently eased through the mouth into the trachea. After shaving the lower jaw and neck, the animal was transferred to a Brookline operating board 4 where the hypophysectomy procedure was conducted with the aid of a surgical dissecting microscope. After sectioning the stylohyoid muscle, the hyoid bone and larynx were drawn to one side and a special retractor was used to separate the musculature, elevate the pharynx and depress the vertebral vein.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…3 Follutein, E. R. Squibb and Sons. 4 Brookline Surgical Specialties, One Acton Rd., Westford, Mass. 01886. immediately following surgery and the animal was placed in a 21 C incubator with 95 % O 2 -5 % CO2 atmosphere for 1-3 hr.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…(Endocrinology 82:122, 1968) T HE OVARY of the multiparous rabbit is characterized by abundant, opaque, white interstitial tissue which stores substantial amounts of cholesterol and cholesterol esters (1) and contains high levels of A 5 -3j3-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase (2). This tissue responds to pituitary luteinizing hormone (LH) in vivo (3)(4)(5) and in vitro (5,6) by synthesizing and releasing the progestin, 20a-hydroxypregn-4-en-3-one (20a-OH) with a concomitant depletion of cholesterol constituents (3). Within minutes after coitus, increased levels of 20a-OH are measurable in the ovarian venous effluent and levels continue high throughout most of the preovulatory period.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Effect of Prolactin on Progestin Release and Cholesterol Storage by Rabbit Ovarian Interstitium

Hilliard¹,

Spies²,

Lucas³

et al. 1968

Endocrinology

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Previous studies have shown that pituitary luteinizing hormone (LH) accelerates the synthesis and release of 20a-hydroxypregn-4-en-3-one (20a-OH) from rabbit ovarian interstitial tissue (1ST) concomitant with a loss of 1ST cholesterol. When ovarian cholesterol is depleted by a large dose of exogenous LH, steroidogenesis is depressed and less steroid is released. Chronic prolactin treatment promotes cholesterol storage, restores the basal output of 20a-OH and enhances the sensitivity of the ovary to LH in the intact animal. When rabbits are hypophysectomized 24 hr after an iv injection of 250 Mg/kg LH, both the 1ST and the new corpora lutea (CL) become atrophic, cholesterol levels remain low, and no basal release of either 20a-OH or progesterone is detectable. In such animals chronic prolactin treatment causes hypertrophy of the 1ST and elevates cholesterol stores but does not induce progestin release in the absence of estrogen or LH. On the other hand, when the CL are maintained with estrogen, the 1ST remains atrophic and the basal release of progesterone exceeds that of 20a-OH. If prolactin and estrogen are administered together, both 1ST and CL hypertrophy and the amount of 20«-OH released is greater than that of progesterone. It can be concluded, therefore, that prolactin acts specifically on the rabbit ovary to maintain the steroid producing capacity as well as the morphology of the 1ST. (Endocrinology 82:122, 1968)

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“…Luteinizing hormone (LH) of pituitary origin has been shown to increase the synthesis and release of the progestational steroids, progesterone and 20a-hydroxypregn-4-en-3-one in rabbits (Hilliard, Endröczi & Sawyer, 1961; Kilpatrick, Armstrong & Greep, 1962;Hilliard, Archibald & Sawyer, 1963;Simmer, Hilliard & Archibald, 1963;Hilliard, Hayward & Sawyer, 1964;Dorrington & Kilpatrick, 1966). LH also increases synthesis of these progestational steroids when added to ovarian tissue in vitro ; this effect has been reported with bovine corpus luteum by Mason, Marsh & Savard (1962), with rat corpora lutea by Armstrong, O'Brien & Greep (1964), and with rabbit ovarian tissue by Dorrington & Kilpatrick (1966).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Luteinizing Hormone and Nicotinamide Adenine Dinucleotide Phosphate on Synthesis of Progestational Steroids by Rabbit Ovarian Tissue in Vitro

Dorrington¹,

Kilpatrick²

1966

Journal of Endocrinology

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Luteinizing hormone (LH) stimulated synthesis of both progesterone and 20\g=a\-hydroxypregn-4-en-3-oneby rabbit ovarian tissue in vitro. Progesterone synthesis was stimulated by nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADP), but 20\g=a\-hydroxypregn-4-en-3-oneproduction was only slightly affected by NADP compared with the effect of LH. When NADP was added with glucose-6-phosphate (G-6-P) or 6-phospho-gluconate (6-P-G), no apparent stimulation of progestational steroid synthesis occurred.Specific activity measurements suggested that stimulation of synthesis was masked by increased conversion of progestational steroids to other products.When NADP and submaximal concentrations of LH were used together, potentiation rather than addition of effects on progesterone synthesis was found, and addition of effects with supramaximal concentrations of LH. No potentiation was found when NADP was replaced by NADP and G-6-P or 6-P-G, or by NADPH2. NADP, unlike LH, caused striking stimulation of progesterone synthesis by separated corpora lutea. It is suggested that the present results provide further support for the view that the actions of LH and NADP are related.

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Isolation and Identification of Progesterone and 20α-Hydroxypregn-4-en-3-one in Ovarian Venous Blood of Rabbits

Cited by 20 publications

References 0 publications

Follicular development in the sheep after priming with PMSG

Follicular development in the sheep after priming with PMSG

Effect of Prolactin on Progestin Release and Cholesterol Storage by Rabbit Ovarian Interstitium

Effects of Luteinizing Hormone and Nicotinamide Adenine Dinucleotide Phosphate on Synthesis of Progestational Steroids by Rabbit Ovarian Tissue in Vitro

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