Isolation and Genomic Characterization of a Duck-Origin GPV-Related Parvovirus from Cherry Valley Ducklings in China

Abstract

A newly emerged duck parvovirus, which causes beak atrophy and dwarfism syndrome (BADS) in Cherry Valley ducks, has appeared in Northern China since March 2015. To explore the genetic diversity among waterfowl parvovirus isolates, the complete genome of an identified isolate designated SDLC01 was sequenced and analyzed in the present study. Genomic sequence analysis showed that SDLC01 shared 90.8%–94.6% of nucleotide identity with goose parvovirus (GPV) isolates and 78.6%–81.6% of nucleotide identity with classical Muscovy duck parvovirus (MDPV) isolates. Phylogenetic analysis of 443 nucleotides (nt) of the fragment A showed that SDLC01 was highly similar to a mule duck isolate (strain D146/02) and close to European GPV isolates but separate from Asian GPV isolates. Analysis of the left inverted terminal repeat regions revealed that SDLC01 had two major segments deleted between positions 160–176 and 306–322 nt compared with field GPV and MDPV isolates. Phylogenetic analysis of Rep and VP1 encoded by two major open reading frames of parvoviruses revealed that SDLC01 was distinct from all GPV and MDPV isolates. The viral pathogenicity and genome characterization of SDLC01 suggest that the novel GPV (N-GPV) is the causative agent of BADS and belongs to a distinct GPV-related subgroup. Furthermore, N-GPV sequences were detected in diseased ducks by polymerase chain reaction and viral proliferation was demonstrated in duck embryos and duck embryo fibroblast cells.

Identification of Goose-Origin Parvovirus as a Cause of Newly Emerging Beak Atrophy and Dwarfism Syndrome in Ducklings

“…It should be noted that during the preparation of this article, Diao and colleagues also reported on this emerging disease and isolated a causative parvovirus, SDLC01, in China (15). Their clinical observations and genetic analysis were in good agreement with many of our findings reported in this study.…”

“…In a protein database search, GPV-QH15 showed greater similarity to goose parvovirus (GPV) (97% protein homology) than to Muscovy duck parvovirus (MDPV) (90% protein homology). It should be noted as well that GPV-QH15 is very similar to a duckorigin GPV-related parvovirus isolated from Cherry Valley ducklings (15,16), termed SDLC01; these two viruses share approximately 99.3% homology in their viral genome sequences. We included this viral sequence in our further phylogenetic analysis.…”

“…In the VP2 tree, we also included for analysis additional 10 GPV-QH15-like strains. These strains included SDLC01, reported previously by Diao and colleagues (15), and 9 field strains that we collected from clinical samples (see Table 4). Again, these 2015 isolates, along with GPV-QH15, clustered together with GPV1995 to form a distinctive genetic lineage.…”

Çin’in Fujian Bölgesinde İzole Edilen Yeni Bir Ördek Parvovirus’unun Tüm Genom Sekansı

“…Bootstrap scores were generated from 1000 replicates. [3] KC478066 SHFX1201 swan 2012 SH, China [5] KT343253 SDLC01 cherry valley duck 2015 SD, China [6] KC996729 SYG61V a a JS, China [9] KT232256 FJ01 Anser cygnoides 2013 FJ, China [7] U22967 FM Muscovy duck 1994 Hungary [1] JF926697 P Muscovy duck 1988 FJ, China [10] JF926698 P1 a a FJ, China [11] KM093740 MDPV-GX5 Muscovy duck 2011 GX, China [15] KC171936 SAAS-SHNH Muscovy duck 2012 SH, China [14] JF926695 PT Muscovy duck 1997s FJ, China [12,13] JF926696 D a a FJ, China [13] The genome recombination events were detected using the Simplot 3.5.1, the GPV vaccine strains SYG61v [9] and MDPV virulent strain FM [1] were used for detection the similarity plots analysis. A multiple comparison-corrected P-value cut-off of 0.01 was used throughout.…”

“…The MDPV is highly related to GPV, exhibiting more than 80.0% nucleotide sequence identity [1][2][3][4] . Recently, GPV were detected in swan, Cherry Valley ducks and Anser cygnoides in China [5][6][7] .…”