Isolation and genetic detection of pathogenic Leptospira spp. from environmental soils and water in Central Luzon, Philippines

Tantengco, Ourlad Alzeus G.; Gloriani, Nina G.

doi:10.12980/apjtd.7.2017d7-220

Cited by 1 publication

(4 citation statements)

References 13 publications

(19 reference statements)

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“…In urban area, other Leptospira (P1) contamination from water samples were detected in public toilet 66,7% [ 23 ], water canal from slaughterhouse 16,7% [ 29 ], rice field 8,3% [ 26 ], recreational lake 1,7% [ 27 ], open drainage around household between 1,9% − 36% [ 20 , 26 , 28 , 47 , 48 ], human drinking water 8% [ 45 ], household water storage between 4% − 17,2% [ 21 , 24 , 25 ], groundwater and well between 1,6% − 33,3% [ 21 , 22 , 25 , 46 ]. Pathogenic Leptospira (P1) were not detected in industrial drainage [ 48 ], the puddle at slaughterhouses [ 29 ], irrigation and dry canals near the market [ 30 ].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The presence of Pathogenic Leptospira (P1) in soil samples was investigated in 15 out of 38 articles. Six articles investigate contamination in soil samples only from urban areas [ 23 , 25 , 28 , 30 , 31 , 50 ], eight articles investigate only from rural areas [ 16 , 19 , 33 , 41 , 43 , 44 , 51 , 52 ], the remain 1 article investigate in both area [ 48 ]. In total, soil samples from rural and urban were 989 samples.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…While in rural, the highest contamination was from coastal areas in Southeast Asia (47.8%) [ 51 ]. In urban areas, pathogenic Leptospira (P1) not only found around slums and poor communities [ 25 , 28 , 30 , 50 ], but it also found in industrial areas [ 48 ] and around campus [ 31 ]. In rural areas, contamination of pathogenic Leptospira was detected in soil samples from markets [ 41 , 48 ], stables [ 48 ], rice fields [ 48 ], rivers [ 19 ], beach, and coastal area [ 19 , 51 ], even from recreational area [ 16 , 33 , 41 ].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Pathogenic Leptospira (P1) species detected in water and soil samples both in urban and rural areas, there were L. alstonii [ 27 , 31 , 36 , 41 ], L. kmetyi [ 30 , 33 , 36 , 43 , 44 , 51 ], L. interrogans [ 16 , 22 , 28 ], L. weilii [ 45 , 59 ], and L. noguchii [ 28 ]. L. interrogans and L. kirschneri are the most infectious and harmful for humans [ 59 , 60 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Pathogenic Leptospira contamination in the environment: a systematic review

Sayanthi,

Susanna

2024

Infection Ecology & Epidemiology

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Background The pathogenic Leptospira is maintained in renal tubules of certain animals, mostly rodents, and excreted in the urine which can contaminate the environment. It is necessary to detect pathogenic Leptospira in environmental samples. Knowing the survival of Leptospira in the environment (water and soil) can provide an overview of where and how they can be transmitted to humans. Objective Therefore, this study aimed to provide a systematic overview of pathogenic Leptospira presence in water and soil environment, the various species of pathogenic Leptospira that are harmful for human, and the ability to survive using a systematic review method. Methods The search process used four databases: PubMed, Science Direct, Scopus, and ProQuest. Furthermore, the articles sought were published from 2000 to July 2021, and 38 were analysed. Results The pathogenic Leptospira contamination in water was higher in urban areas, while soil samples were higher in rural areas. Various pathogenic Leptospira detected in the environment were L. alstonii, L. kmetyi, L. noguchii, and L. interrogans. Those pathogenic Leptospira can survive in water at 4–30°C and at pH < 7; in soil, it can survive at a humidity of < 20% and a pH < 6. Conclusion Urban and rural areas have the same risk for leptospirosis disease because pathogenic Leptospira (P1).

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