Isolation and genetic characterization of a mammalian orthoreovirus from Vespertilio sinensis in Japan

Ichikawa, Ayano; Katayama, Misa; Lai, Hayden; Wataru, Sekine; Takenaka-Uema, Akiko; Horimoto, Taisuke; Murakami, Shin

doi:10.1007/s00705-023-05782-x

Arch Virol

2023

DOI: 10.1007/s00705-023-05782-x

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Isolation and genetic characterization of a mammalian orthoreovirus from Vespertilio sinensis in Japan

Ayano Ichikawa,

Misa Katayama,

Hayden Lai

et al.

Abstract: Throughout East Asia, Europe, and North America, mammalian orthoreovirus (MRV), for which bats have been proposed to be natural reservoirs, has been detected in a variety of domestic and wild mammals, as well as in humans. Here, we isolated a novel MRV strain (designated as Kj22-33) from a fecal sample from Vespertilio sinensis bats in Japan. Strain Kj22-33 has a 10-segmented genome with a total length of 23,580 base pairs. Phylogenetic analysis indicated that Kj22-33 is a serotype 2 strain, the segmented geno… Show more

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Cited by 4 publications

References 21 publications

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Identification of multiple inter- and intra-genotype reassortment mammalian orthoreoviruses from Japanese black cattle in a beef cattle farm

Oba,

Shimotori,

Teshima

et al. 2024

Sci Rep

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Identification of multiple inter- and intra-genotype reassortment mammalian orthoreoviruses from Japanese black cattle in a beef cattle farm

Oba,

Shimotori,

Teshima

et al. 2024

Sci Rep

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Characterization of a mammalian orthoreovirus isolated from the large flying fox, Pteropus vampyrus, in Indonesia

Intaruck,

Tabata,

Itakura

et al. 2024

Journal of General Virology

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Fruit bats serve as an important reservoir for many zoonotic pathogens, including Nipah virus, Hendra virus, Marburg virus and Lyssavirus. To gain a deeper insight into the virological characteristics, pathogenicity and zoonotic potential of bat-borne viruses, recovery of infectious viruses from field samples is important. Here, we report the isolation and characterization of a mammalian orthoreovirus (MRV) from a large flying fox (Pteropus vampyrus) in Indonesia, which is the first detection of MRV in Southeast Asia. MRV was recovered from faecal samples of three different P. vampyrus in Central Java. Nucleotide sequence analysis revealed that the genome of the three MRV isolates shared more than 99% nucleotide sequence identity. We tentatively named one isolated strain as MRV12-52 for further analysis and characterization. Among 10 genome segments, MRV12-52 S1 and S4, which encode the cell-attachment protein and outer capsid protein, had 93.6 and 95.1% nucleotide sequence identities with known MRV strains, respectively. Meanwhile, the remaining genome segments of MRV12-52 were divergent with 72.9–80.7 % nucleotide sequence identities. Based on the nucleotide sequence of the S1 segment, MRV12-52 was grouped into serotype 2, and phylogenetic analysis demonstrated evidence of past reassortment events. In vitro characterization of MRV12-52 showed that the virus efficiently replicated in BHK-21, HEK293T and A549 cells. In addition, experimental infection of laboratory mice with MRV12-52 caused severe pneumonia with 75% mortality. This study highlights the presence of pathogenic MRV in Indonesia, which could serve as a potential animal and public health concern.

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Isolation and identification of a novel porcine-related recombinant mammalian orthoreovirus type 3 strain from cattle in Guangxi Province, China

Luo,

Wang,

Tang

et al. 2024

Front. Microbiol.

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The Mammalian orthoreovirus (MRV) infects various mammals, including humans, and is linked to gastrointestinal, respiratory, and neurological diseases. A recent outbreak in Liuzhou, Guangxi, China, led to the isolation of a new MRV strain, GXLZ2301, from fecal samples. This strain replicates in multiple cell lines and forms lattice-like structures. Infected cells exhibit single-cell death and syncytia formation. The virus’s titers peaked at 107.2 TCID50/0.1 mL in PK-15 and BHK cells, with the lowest at 103.88 TCID50/0.1 mL in A549 cells. Electron microscopy showed no envelope with a diameter of about 70 nm. Genetic analysis revealed GXLZ2301 as a recombinant strain with gene segments from humans, cows, and pigs, similar to type 3 MRV strains from Italy (2015-2016). Pathogenicity tests indicated that while the bovine MRV strain did not cause clinical symptoms in mice, it caused significant damage to the gut, lungs, liver, kidneys, and brain. The emergence of this MRV strain may pose a threat to the health of animals and humans, and it is recommended that its epidemiology and recombination be closely monitored.

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Isolation and genetic characterization of a mammalian orthoreovirus from Vespertilio sinensis in Japan

Cited by 4 publications

References 21 publications

Identification of multiple inter- and intra-genotype reassortment mammalian orthoreoviruses from Japanese black cattle in a beef cattle farm

Identification of multiple inter- and intra-genotype reassortment mammalian orthoreoviruses from Japanese black cattle in a beef cattle farm

Characterization of a mammalian orthoreovirus isolated from the large flying fox, Pteropus vampyrus, in Indonesia

Isolation and identification of a novel porcine-related recombinant mammalian orthoreovirus type 3 strain from cattle in Guangxi Province, China

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