Isolation and Expression of a Host Response Gene Family Encoding Thaumatin-Like Proteins in Incompatible Oat-Stem Rust Fungus Interactions

Lin, Kuo Chih; Bushnell, W. R.; Szabo, Les J.; Smith, Alan G.

doi:10.1094/mpmi-9-0511

Cited by 55 publications

(24 citation statements)

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“…PR2 and PR3 proteins have been well recognized to have antifungal activities on account of their hydrolytic action (Mauch et al 1988). Several studies have provided evidence supporting that PR5 proteins could enhance plant resistance to fungal pathogens in cereals (Lin et al 1996;SchaVrath et al 1997;Pritsch et al 2000). Similar PR genes have been implicated in wheat resistance against Pst or other wheat pathogens (Pritsch et al 2000;Hulber et al 2007;Coram et al 2008;Adhikari et al 2009;Tufan et al 2009).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 94%

Histological and molecular studies of the non-host interaction between wheat and Uromyces fabae

Zhang

Wang

Cheng

et al. 2011

Planta

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Non-host resistance (NHR) confers plant species immunity against the majority of microbes. As an important crop, wheat can be damaged by several Puccinia species but is immune to all Uromyces species. Here, we studied the basis of NHR in wheat against the broad bean rust pathogen Uromyces fabae (Uf). In the wheat-Uf interaction, microscopic observations showed that urediospores germinated efficiently on wheat leaves. However, over 98% of the germ tubes failed to form appressoria over stomata. For the few that invaded through stomata, the majority of them failed to penetrate wheat mesophyll cells. At 96 hours after inoculation, less than 4% of the Uf infection units that had entered the mesophyll tissue formed haustoria. Attempted penetration by haustorium mother cells induced the thickening of cell wall and the formation of papillae in plant cells, which arrested the development or growth of Uf penetration pegs. For the Uf haustoria formed in wheat cells, they were encased in callose-like materials and did not elicit hypersensitive response. Localized accumulation of H(2)O(2) were observed in plant cell walls, papillae and encasement of haustoria during the wheat-Uf interaction. Furthermore, quantitative RT-PCR analysis showed that several genes involved in basal resistance and oxidative stress responses were up-regulated during Uf infection. In conclusion, our study revealed the cytological and molecular bases of NHR in wheat against the non-adapted rust fungus Uf, and highlighted the significance of papilla production in the prehaustorial NHR.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 94%

Histological and molecular studies of the non-host interaction between wheat and Uromyces fabae

Zhang

Wang

Cheng

et al. 2011

Planta

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“…Plants were constantly well-watered and temperature was controlled and constantly monitored, so it is unlikely that they experienced any significant environmental stress. Lin et al (28) reported that the light mineral oil used in rust inoculations induced expression of three thaumatin-like proteins in oats. However, in our experiments, thaumatinlike proteins and other PR proteins were not up-regulated in mock-inoculated tissues ( Table 2).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Gene Expression Patterns in Near Isogenic Lines for Wheat Rust Resistance Gene Lr34/Yr18

Hulbert¹,

Bai²,

Fellers³

et al. 2007

Phytopathology®

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The Lr34/Yr18 resistance gene provides durable, adult-plant, slow rusting resistance to leaf rust, yellow rust, and several other diseases of wheat. Flag leaves may exhibit spontaneous leaf tip necrosis and tips are more resistant than leaf bases. Despite the importance of this gene, the mechanism of resistance is unknown. Patterns of expression for 55,052 transcripts were examined by microarray analysis in mock-inoculated flag leaves of two pairs of wheat near isogenic lines for Lr34/Yr18 (Jupateco 73S/Jupateco 73R and Thatcher/Thatcher-Lr34). The Thatcher isolines were also examined for patterns of expression after inoculation with leaf rust. Mock-inoculated leaf tips of resistant plants showed up-regulation of 57 transcripts generally associated with ABA inducibility, osmotic stress, cold stress, and/or seed maturation. Several transcripts may be useful as expression markers for Lr34/Yr18. Five transcripts were also up-regulated in resistant leaf bases. The possible role of these transcripts in resistance is discussed. In mock-inoculated plants, pathogenesis-related (PR) proteins were not up-regulated in resistant flag leaves compared with that in susceptible flag leaves. In inoculated plants, the same set of PR proteins was up-regulated in both resistant and susceptible flag leaves. However, expression was often higher in resistant plants, suggesting a possible role for Lr34/Yr18 in priming of defense responses.

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“…Although PR proteins were considered as inducible proteins elicited by pathogen attack and other stressors, they are present constitutively in different plant organs including grains 11 . Multiple isoforms of Thaumatin-Like Protein (TLP), which belong to the PR-5 family, have been found in the crop species barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) 15,28 , rice (Orysa sativa) 27 and wheat (Avena sativa) 20 . They are named after their amino-acid sequence and structural similarities to the sweet tasting protein thaumatin from the fruits of the West African rain forest shrub Thaumatococcus daniellii Benth.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Antimicrobial Activity of Malting Barley Grain Thaumatin-Like Protein Isoforms, S and R

Gorjanović

Beljanski

Gavrović-Jankulović

et al. 2007

Journal of the Institute of Brewing

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Two basic proteins were isolated to homogeneity from malting barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) grain. Proteins were identified as members of a Thaumatin-Like Protein (TLP) family, by Western blot. Isoforms, assigned as TLP-S and TLP-R, have slightly different mobility at about 22 and 27 kDa in nonreducing and reducing conditions, and pI values of 9.5 and 9.4, respectively. The antifungal potency of malting barley grain TLPs isoforms was examined on Micrococcus lysodeikticus, Saccharomyces cerevisiae, Candida albicans and plant pathogen Fusarium sporotrichioides growth in vitro. It was found that that IC 50 value for TLP-S was two fold higher. Antibacterial and antifungal activities of both isoforms were completely abolished by divalent (Ca 2+ , Mn 2+ , Mg 2+ ) and monovalent (K + ) cations, at concentrations approximating physiological ionic strength and higher. Glucanase activity was not observed; neither TLP-S nor TLP-R digested glucan. On the basis of these results, the importance of TLP for barley grain protection against fungal diseases has been discussed together with the mechanism of antimicrobial action.

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Isolation and Expression of a Host Response Gene Family Encoding Thaumatin-Like Proteins in Incompatible Oat-Stem Rust Fungus Interactions

Cited by 55 publications

References 0 publications

Histological and molecular studies of the non-host interaction between wheat and Uromyces fabae

Histological and molecular studies of the non-host interaction between wheat and Uromyces fabae

Gene Expression Patterns in Near Isogenic Lines for Wheat Rust Resistance Gene Lr34/Yr18

Antimicrobial Activity of Malting Barley Grain Thaumatin-Like Protein Isoforms, S and R

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