Isolation and characterization of Vibrio harveyi causing blackening disease among captive reared seahorses, Hippocampus kuda

Raj, Smrithy; Lipton, A P

doi:10.20894/stet.116.002.002.008

Cited by 9 publications

(12 citation statements)

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“…); however, they can also act as facultative pathogens which can result in severe disease symptoms in fish and shrimp (Arboleda & Reichardt ; Raj et al . ; Weber et al . ; Bisharat et al .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Vibrio spp. are common inhabitants of aquatic environments with many strains being non-pathogenic (Rivera et al 1995;Silva et al 2011); however, they can also act as facultative pathogens which can result in severe disease symptoms in fish and shrimp (Arboleda & Reichardt 2010;Raj et al 2010;Weber et al 2010;Bisharat et al 2011;Li et al 2011;Zhang et al 2012;Zhou et al 2012). A lower amount of Vibrio spp.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Feeding of β-1,3/1,6-glucan increases the diversity of the intestinal microflora of carp (Cyprinus carpio)

et al. 2015

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b-glucans are immunomodulants that are used in fish nutrition for health improvement. The effect of MacroGard Ò , a commercially available b-1,3/1,6-glucan, on the bacterial community in the gut of common carp (Cyprinus carpio) was examined focusing on species diversity. Separate segments of the gut were analysed. We identified cultured bacteria isolates by analysing 16S rRNA gene sequences and additionally used reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction-denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (RT-PCR-DGGE) for examination of bacterial diversity. With both methods, we could detect a significantly higher amount of bacterial operational taxonomic units (OTUs) in all examined parts of the gut after feeding with MacroGard Ò . Independent of the feeding regime, mostly motile aeromonads, pseudomonads and Vibrio sp. could be detected in the intestinal community of carp. Shewanella putrefaciens and Vibrio sp. were regular components of the intestinal microflora but were present to a lesser extent in the microbial community of carp fed with MacroGard Ò . This could have a positive effect for fish health and also in respect of food safety for fish destined for human consumption. Our results suggest that feeding of MacroGard Ò results in a more diverse intestinal community that could help to prevent the invasion and establishment of pathogenic micro-organisms.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Feeding of β-1,3/1,6-glucan increases the diversity of the intestinal microflora of carp (Cyprinus carpio)

et al. 2015

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“…). Captive seahorses may succumb rapidly to a variety of parasitic, fungal and bacterial ailments (Raj, Lipton & Chauhan ). Peer‐reviewed literature on seahorse diseases is scarce, and a handful of reports mainly deal with vibriosis caused by Vibrio harveyi (Alcaide et al .…”

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confidence: 99%

White necrotic tail tips in estuary seahorses, Hippocampus kuda, Bleeker

Declercq

Chiers

Broeck

et al. 2013

Journal of Fish Diseases

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White discoloration of the tail is a not seldom occurring phenomenon among seahorses kept in ornamental aquaria. In this study, three sea horses (Hippocampus kuda) presenting white patches on the distal part of the trunk and greyish-white necrotic tail tips were examined. Wet mount preparations of these lesions revealed ovoid to elongated ciliated protozoan structures. These ciliates could not be identified to species level but resembled species of the genus Uronema (Scuticociliatida). Samples of the affected skin were inoculated onto Marine agar (Difco) and Flexibacter maritimus medium (FMM, according to Pazos et al., 1996). After 36h of incubation at 25°C, pale orange, convex colonies with a smooth surface appeared on both Marine agar and FMM in all sea horse tails. Gram-staining of these colonies showed Gram-negative, long (up to 8µm in length), slender bacterial cells. Biochemical tests designated these motile bacteria as non-fermenting, oxidase and catalase positive and resistant to the vibriostatic agent 0/129. Sequence analysis of the 16SrRNA gene is on-going. Histological examination of the tail of two animals showed an ulcerative dermatitis consisting of desquamation/disappearance of the epidermis covered with necrotic debris. The latter contained numerous clusters of long (up to 8µm in length) slender bacteria, which were also invading the subcutaneous tissue. At these sites, an increase of proteoglycans, mild proliferation of blood vessels, limited to absent inflammation and invasion was noted. In areas where the epidermis was still intact, neutrophilic pustular lesions without bacterial infiltration were visible. In the third seahorse tail a granulomatous dermatitis was present. Bacteria (including acid-fast bacteria in Ziehl-Neelsen stained histological sections) were not observed. Scuticociliatosis caused by ciliates belonging to the order Scuticociliatida, is recognized as an emerging problem inflicting significant economic losses in aquaculture industry worldwide, for example, in the olive flounder farms in South Korea (Harikrishnan et al., 2010). Heavy infections in Atlantic and Pacific marine fishes kept in aquaria were also reported. The significance of the isolated bacterial strain in the pathology described above remains to be elucidated and will largely depend on its ultimate identification.

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“…Other Vibrio such as Vibrio alginolyticus , Vibrio harveyi , Vibrio hippocampi sp. nov., V. parahemolyticus , and Vibrio splendidus have been found to be pathogens in Hippocampus guttulatus , Hippocampus hippocampus , H. kelloggi , H. kuda , and Hippocampus reidi (Alcaide et al ; Tendencia ; Yang et al ; Balcázar et al ; Martins et al ; Raj et al ). Together with the previous studies, this finding indicated that the intestinal bacteria of Vibrio , especially the V. parahaemolyticus strain CM12 may be the most important pathogen of intestinal diseases in the cultured seahorses H. trimaculatus .…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparison of Intestinal Microbiota in Intestinal Tracts of the Wild and Cultured Seahorses, Hippocampus trimaculatus (Leach)

Wang

Zhang

Feng

et al. 2016

J World Aquaculture Soc

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Seahorse aquaculture has been a focus for meeting the demand of Chinese traditional medicine and aquarium, and one of the bottlenecks for aquaculture is disease. The present study focused on the intestinal microbiota between wild and cultured seahorses. Results showed that the Alcaligenaceae and Enterobacteriaceae were the dominant intestinal flora in intestinal tracts of seahorses, and Achromobacter sp., Serratia marcescens, and Serratia sp. were the dominant intestinal flora. It was the first time that two strains (TPL14 and yb97) of Achromobacter xylosoxidans were found in cultured seahorses and even in fishes. Interestingly, Vibrio, which accounted for 19.35% of the intestinal bacterial communities, only occurred in the cultured seahorses, and it was strongly involved in the intestinal diseases in seahorse H. trimaculatus.

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Isolation and characterization of Vibrio harveyi causing blackening disease among captive reared seahorses, Hippocampus kuda

Cited by 9 publications

References 0 publications

Feeding of β-1,3/1,6-glucan increases the diversity of the intestinal microflora of carp (Cyprinus carpio)

Feeding of β-1,3/1,6-glucan increases the diversity of the intestinal microflora of carp (Cyprinus carpio)

White necrotic tail tips in estuary seahorses, Hippocampus kuda, Bleeker

Comparison of Intestinal Microbiota in Intestinal Tracts of the Wild and Cultured Seahorses, Hippocampus trimaculatus (Leach)

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