Isolation and characterization of two glutathione S-transferases from freshwater bivalve Anodonta woodiana : Chronic effects of pentachlorophenol on gene expression profiles

Abstract

Glutathione S-transferases (GST) play a prominent role in protecting cells against oxidative stress. Our previous study showed that the reactive oxygen species (ROS) generated from pentachlorophenol (PCP) could cause an acute impact on freshwater bivalve Anodonta Woodiana, but its chronic toxicity remain unclear. In order to investigate the chronic effect of PCP, clams A. Woodiana were randomly grouped into PCP treated group in which animals were administrated with 13.9 μg/L concentrations of PCP, and control group those with similar volume dimethyl sulfoxide. In addition, two complete GST sequences were isolated from A. Woodianaa and respectively named AwGST1 and AwGST2. The full-length cDNA of AwGST1 was consisted of a 5' untranslated region (UTR) of 132 bp, a 3' UTR of 80 bp and an open reading frame (ORF) of 609 bp encoding a polypeptide of 203 amino acids. The full-length cDNA of AwGST2 contained a 5' UTR of 57 bp, a 3' UTR of 291 bp and an ORF of 678 bp encoding a polypeptide of 226 amino acids. The constitutive expression levels of AwGST1 and AwGST2 were examined in different tissues including foot, mantle, adductor muscle, heart, hepatopancreas, hemocytes and gill. Administration of PCP could result in a significant increase of AwGST1 and AwGST2 expression in the hepatopancreas, gill and hemocytes. In the hepatopancreas, AwGST1 mRNA levels of PCP treated group increased more than 28.73% at day 1, then 70.37% (P < 0.05) at day 3, reach to 6.64 times (P < 0.01) at day 15 in contrasted with that of control group. AwGST2 increased more 18.18%, 82.88% (P < 0.05) and 2.43 times (P < 0.01) at day 1, 3 and 15, respectively. In the gill, AwGST1 expression showed a significant up-regulation in the PCP treated group during experiment observed compared with that of control group, mRNA level of AwGST2 increased more than 1.44 times (P < 0.05). In addition, expressions of AwGST1 and AwGST2 were significantly induced after PCP treatment in the hemocytes. These results indicated that up-regulations of AwGST1 and AwGST2 expression in bivalve A. woodiana are contribute to against oxidative stress derived from PCP treatment during experiment observed.

Investigation of the Alternations in the Muscle Quality of Swimming Crab (Ovalipes punctatus) during Cold-Chain Transportation Using Physicochemical and TMT-Based Quantitative Proteomic Analysis

“…Thulasi et al reported that COX and mitochondrial-like proteins could be associated with mitochondrial membrane damage due to the high levels of ROS production under severe oxidative stress induced by food deprivation. , The mtMnSODs, key antioxidant enzymes that contain manganese, can catalyze anion disproportionation and have been reported to be involved in the innate immune response of crabs. , They are considered the first line of defense against oxidative stress induced by excessive ROS beyond the threshold limits resulting from respiratory bursts . A GST catalyzes the conjugation of glutathione (GSH) with toxic reactive metabolites and is considered a detoxification enzyme against the chemotoxicity of xenobiotics . Moreover, GST-θ was assumed to eliminate the ROS and reduce the oxidative damage owing to its specific serine residue. , The regulation of these DEPs in crab muscle indicated oxidative stress in crabs caused by excess production of ROS during transportation due to severe temperature fluctuations, anoxic environments, and bacterial infections …”

“…36 A GST catalyzes the conjugation of glutathione (GSH) with toxic reactive metabolites and is considered a detoxification enzyme against the chemotoxicity of xenobiotics. 37 Moreover, GST-θ was assumed to eliminate the ROS and reduce the oxidative damage owing to its specific serine residue. 35,38 The regulation of these DEPs in crab muscle indicated oxidative stress in crabs caused by excess production of ROS during transportation due to severe temperature fluctuations, anoxic environments, and bacterial infections.…”

Effect of sodium chloride on oxidative stress biomarkers of the freshwater bivalve Anodonta cygnea

“…Пресноводные моллюски играют важную роль в экосистемных процессах благодаря их влиянию на циклирование питательных веществ, биотурбацию и осаждение взвешенной органики (Vaughn, 2010). К сожалению, места их обитания все чаще страдают из-за стоков различных загрязнителей (Liu et al, 2017). Изменения в среде обитания приводят к быстрым изменениям в метаболизме пресноводных моллюсков на разных уровнях: биохимическом, клеточном и физиологическом.…”

“…и Unio spp., предложены в качестве чувствительных объектов в биомониторинге, биоиндикации и биотестировании (Guidi et al, 2010). Исследования выявили способность представителей рода Anodonta (на примере A. woodiana) аккумулировать микроэлементы и пестициды, а также их потенциал для обнаружения мутагенов (Liu et al, 2017). Из данных литературы известно, что униониды рода Anodonta (на примере A. imbecilis) также высокочувствительны к тяжелым металлам, как и зоопланктон (Daphnia), и более чувствительны, чем рыбы и водные насекомые (Keller & Zam, 1991).…”

“…Каталаза, глутатионредуктазы и трансферазы участвуют в утилизации H 2 O 2 (Falfushynska et al, 2012). Глутатион-S-трансфераза катализирует реакции восстановления органических пероксидов и трансформации ксенобиотиков, при этом источником водорода является восстановленный глутатион (Liu et al, 2017). В этом случае восстановленный глутатион переходит в окисленную форму.…”