Isolation and characterization of the siderophore N-deoxyschizokinen from Bacillus megaterium ATCC 19213

Abstract

N-Deoxyschizokinen, a novel siderophore, was isolated from stationary phase cultures of Bacillus megaterium ATCC 19213 and identified as 4-[(3(acetylhydroxyamino)propyl)amino]-2-[2-[(3-(acetylamino)propyl)amino]-2-oxoethyl]-2-hydroxy-4-oxo-butanoic acid. The siderophore was purified by HPLC and its structure determined using IH and 13C NMR, IH-IH COSY and electrospray mass spectroscopy. The monohydroxamate siderophore has the same carbon skeleton as schizokinen but the hydroxyl group on one hydroxamate is replaced by a hydrogen. A detailed IH NMR study of schizokinen, N-deoxyschizokinen and their imides, schizokinen A and N-deoxyschizokinen A is presented.

Isolation and Characterization of a Highly Siderophore Producing Bacillus subtilis Strain

“…Therefore, the siderophore synthesized by strain MB8 was catecholate type siderophore. The result was consistent with previous findings [20,21].…”

Microbial Siderophores

“…This proves that the central unit is one of the binding sites (285). Also N-deoxyschizokinen from Bacillus megaterium lacking one hydroxamic acid unit still binds Fe 3+ (158). Whether it acts as a siderophore is not known.…”

Compensation effect of bacterium containing biofertilizer on the growth ofCucumis sativusL. under Al-stress conditions

“…Because of the similarity in size and change between Al 3+ and Fe 3+ , aluminium readily forms complexes with siderophores [17], and these aluminium-sideophore complexes can be transported into the cell [8]. Bacillus megaterium provides an excellent system to study the effects of such siderophore formation and transport on heavy metal toxicity [20].…”

“…Many studies have examined the effect of different bacteria on the compensation of Al-stress [20,29,18]. The use of plant growth promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) including phosphate and potassium solubilising bacteria as a biofertilizer was suggested as a sustainable solution to improve plant nutrition and production [36].…”