Isolation and Characterization of SYN1, a RAD21-Like Gene Essential for Meiosis in Arabidopsis

X, Bai; Peirson, Brenda N.; Dong, Fugui; Chen, Xue; Makaroff, Christopher A.

doi:10.2307/3870870

Cited by 81 publications

(152 citation statements)

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“…In yeast, Rec8 loading is required for formation of synaptonemal complex and is necessary for recombination between homologs (Klein et al, 1999). In Arabidopsis, SYN1 plays essential roles in chromosome condensation and homologous pairing during meiosis (Bai et al, 1999;Cai et al, 2003). Chromosome synapsis at pachytene was defective when C. elegans REC8 was depleted by RNAi (Pasierbek et al, 2001).…”

Section: Osrec8 Establishes a Platform For Homologous Recombination Amentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The mutation of Rec8 of yeast disrupts cohesion at both chromosome arms and centromeres, resulting in reduced recombination, alterations in synaptonemal complex formation, and premature separation of sister chromatids at meiosis I (Klein et al, 1999;Watanabe and Nurse, 1999;Nasmyth, 2001;Kitajima et al, 2003). In recent years, homologs of yeast REC8 have been identified in mice (MmRec8; Bannister et al, 2004), humans (HsRec8; Parisi et al, 1999), Caenorhabditis elegans (CeRec8; Pasierbek et al, 2001), Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana; SYN1; Bai et al, 1999), and maize (Zea mays; AFD1; Golubovskaya et al, 2006). Depletion of this protein leads to defects in meiosis.…”

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confidence: 99%

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OsREC8 Is Essential for Chromatid Cohesion and Metaphase I Monopolar Orientation in Rice Meiosis

Shao

Tang²,

Wang³

et al. 2011

Plant Physiol.

119

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The successful transmission of chromosomes during mitosis and meiosis relies on the establishment and subsequent release of cohesion between replicated chromatids. Cohesion is mediated by a four-subunit structural maintenance of chromosome complex, called cohesins. REC8 is a key component of this meiotic cohesion complex in most model organisms studied to date. Here, we isolated and dissected the functions of OsREC8, a rice (Oryza sativa) REC8 homolog, using two null Osrec8 mutants. We showed that OsREC8 encodes a protein that localized to meiotic chromosomes from approximately meiotic interphase to metaphase I. Homologous pairing and telomere bouquet formation were abnormal in Osrec8 meiocytes. Furthermore, fluorescent in situ hybridization experiments on Osrec8 meiocytes demonstrated that the mutation eliminated meiotic centromeric cohesion completely during prophase I and also led to the bipolar orientation of the kinetochores during the first meiotic division and accordingly resulted in premature separation of sister chromatid during meiosis I. Immunolocalization analyses revealed that the loading of PAIR2, PAIR3, OsMER3, and ZEP1 all depended on OsREC8. By contrast, the presence of the OsREC8 signal in pair2, pair3, Osmer3, and zep1 mutants indicated that the loading of OsREC8 did not rely on these four proteins. These results suggest that OsREC8 has several essential roles in the meiotic processes.

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Section: Osrec8 Establishes a Platform For Homologous Recombination Amentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

OsREC8 Is Essential for Chromatid Cohesion and Metaphase I Monopolar Orientation in Rice Meiosis

Shao

Tang²,

Wang³

et al. 2011

Plant Physiol.

119

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“…Cohesin proteins, which are thought to be involved in this process, have been extensively studied in yeast and animals [4][5][6]. In plants, some cohesin proteins have been characterized for their influence in meiotic pairing, especially the REC8 homologs: SYN1/DIF1 in Arabidopsis [7][8][9], AFD1 in maize [10] and OsRAD21-4 in rice [11]. It is becoming evident that the cohesin complex provides the basis for AE assembly and is implicated in various meiotic events [4,12].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

OsAM1 is required for leptotene-zygotene transition in rice

et al. 2011

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The events occurring at the onset of meiosis have not been fully elucidated. In the present study, OsAM1 was identified in rice (Oryza sativa L.) by map-based cloning. OsAM1, a homolog of Arabidopsis SWI1 and maize AM1, encodes a protein with a coiled-coil domain in its central region. In the Osam1 mutant, pollen mother cells are arrested at leptotene, showing that OsAM1 is required for the leptotene-zygotene transition. Immunocytological analysis revealed that OsAM1 exists as foci in early prophase I meiocytes. Very faint OsREC8 foci persisted in the Osam1 mutant, indicating that OsAM1 is not required for the initial meiotic recruitment of OsREC8. In the absence of OsAM1, many other critical meiotic components, including PAIR2, ZEP1 and OsMER3, could not be correctly installed onto chromosomes. In contrast, in pair2, Osmer3 and zep1 mutants, OsAM1 could be loaded normally, suggesting that OsAM1 plays a fundamental role in building the proper chromosome structure at the beginning of meiosis.

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“…The Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana) genome contains orthologs for many of the cohesion-associated genes that have been identified in yeast, and studies have shown that the cohesion machinery is generally conserved in Arabidopsis (Bai et al, 1999;Bhatt et al, 1999;Dong et al, 2001;Chelysheva et al, 2005;Lam et al, 2005;da Costa-Nunes et al, 2006;Liu and Makaroff, 2006;Jiang et al, 2007). However, essentially nothing is known about how sister chromatid cohesion is established in plants.…”

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confidence: 99%

Proper Levels of the Arabidopsis Cohesion Establishment Factor CTF7 Are Essential for Embryo and Megagametophyte, But Not Endosperm, Development

Jiang

Xia

et al. 2010

Plant Physiology

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CTF7 is an essential gene in yeast that is required for the formation of sister chromatid cohesion. While recent studies have provided insights into how sister chromatid cohesion is established, less is known about how specifically CTF7 facilitates the formation of cohesion, and essentially nothing is known about how sister chromatid cohesion is established in plants. In this report, we describe the isolation and characterization of CTF7 from Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana). Arabidopsis CTF7 is similar to Saccharomyces cerevisiae CTF7 in that it lacks an amino-terminal extension, exhibits acetyltransferase activity, and can complement a yeast ctf7 temperature-sensitive mutation. CTF7 transcripts are found throughout the plant, with the highest levels present in buds. Seeds containing T-DNA insertions in CTF7 exhibit mitotic defects in the zygote. Interestingly, the endosperm developed normally in ctf7 seeds, suggesting that CTF7 is not essential for mitosis in endosperm nuclei. Minor defects were observed in female gametophytes of ctf7 1/2 plants, and plants that overexpress CTF7 exhibited female gametophyte lethality. Pollen development appeared normal in both CTF7 knockout and overexpression plants. Therefore, proper levels of CTF7 are critical for female gametophyte and embryo development but not for the establishment of mitotic cohesion during microgametogenesis or during endosperm development.The proper formation of sister chromatid cohesion and its subsequent release at the metaphase-to-anaphase transition is essential for the proper segregation of genetic material during cell division. It is critical for the compaction of chromosomes and their bipolar attachment to the spindle, DNA double-strand break repair, and the regulation of gene expression (for review, see Nasmyth and Haering, 2009). Sister chromatid cohesion is controlled by the cohesin complex, which consists of a heterodimer of Structural Maintenance of Chromosome (SMC) proteins, SMC1 and SMC3, Sister Chromatid Cohesion (SCC) protein SCC3, and SCC1, an a-kleisin protein. Perhaps the most widely accepted model of how cohesin functions has been referred to as the ring model, where the cohesin ring encircles the replicated sisters, holding them together until SCC1 cleavage by separase at the metaphase-to-anaphase transition opens the ring, allowing the release of the sister chromatids (for review, see Nasmyth and Haering, 2009).

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Isolation and Characterization of SYN1, a RAD21-Like Gene Essential for Meiosis in Arabidopsis

Cited by 81 publications

References 0 publications

OsREC8 Is Essential for Chromatid Cohesion and Metaphase I Monopolar Orientation in Rice Meiosis

OsREC8 Is Essential for Chromatid Cohesion and Metaphase I Monopolar Orientation in Rice Meiosis

OsAM1 is required for leptotene-zygotene transition in rice

Proper Levels of the Arabidopsis Cohesion Establishment Factor CTF7 Are Essential for Embryo and Megagametophyte, But Not Endosperm, Development

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