Isolation and Characterization of Pyocins From Several Strains of Pseudomonas Aeruginosa

Ito, Seiga; Kageyama, Makoto; Egami, Fujio

doi:10.2323/jgam.16.3_205

Cited by 87 publications

(59 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…The structure and activity of these pyocines have been described in detail by several workers (Kageyama, 1964;Higerd, Baechler and Berk, 1967;Takeya et al, 1969; Govan, 1974a and b). The other major group of pyocines consists of substances of lower molecular weight (c. lo*), which are not sedimentable by ultracentrifugation and have not been resolved in the electron microscope, but are apparently simple proteins resembling some colicines (Ito, Kageyama and Egami, 1970;Ohkawa, Kageyama and Egami, 1973). These pyocines are known as S type or small.…”

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confidence: 99%

Treatment of Pseudomonas aeruginosa infections with pyocines

Williams¹

1976

Journal of Medical Microbiology

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PYocrNEs are bacteriocines produced by strains of Pseudomonas aeruginosa and inhibitory to other strains of the same species. They may be classified in two main groups on the basis of their molecular weight. The high molecularweight group (mol. wt. 106-107) is composed of two types of particle: the contractile and the filamentous, both visible in the electron microscope and apparently similar to certain defective bacteriophages. The structure and activity of these pyocines have been described in detail by several workers (Kageyama, 1964;Higerd, Baechler and Berk, 1967;Takeya et al., 1969; Govan, 1974a and b). The other major group of pyocines consists of substances of lower molecular weight (c. lo*), which are not sedimentable by ultracentrifugation and have not been resolved in the electron microscope, but are apparently simple proteins resembling some colicines (Ito, Kageyama and Egami, 1970;Ohkawa, Kageyama and Egami, 1973). These pyocines are known as S type or small. P. aeruginosa poses considerable problems in hospitals because it readilyattacks debilitated patients and, because of its resistance to many antibiotics, treatment of infections is difficult. The specific inhibitory activity of pyocines is well documented and recently the therapeutic use of these agents has been suggested.Bird and Grieble (1969) injected an infective dose of P. aeruginosa into chick embryos, followed immediately by a suitable pyocine preparation, and found that a single dose of pyocine increased the survival of infected embryos from 3 % to 46 %. Similarly, Merrikin and Terry (1972) recorded an improvement in survival of mice infected with P. aeruginosa and treated intravenously with pyocine. However, it is difficult to assess the future of pyocine therapy from these reports, because neither group of workers purified the pyocine preparations, nor did they define clearly the type of pyocine used.The aim of this investigation was to examine the therapeutic use of a representative of each of the three types of pyocine in infections caused by a single sensitive strain of P . aeruginosa. MATERIALS AND METHODSBacterial strains. P. aeruginosa strain P14 was kindly supplied by Dr R. J. Jones, Birmingham Accident Hospital, and was used throughout as the pyocine-sensitive indicator and Govan, 1966) and has a distinctive inhibition pattern. The other strains of P. aeruginosawere from the collection in the Bacteriology Department, Edinburgh University Medical School.One-hundred and seventy strains of P. aeruginosa

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Treatment of Pseudomonas aeruginosa infections with pyocines

Williams¹

1976

Journal of Medical Microbiology

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“…The R3 aeruginocin of PATI binds to isolated LPS (Ito, Kageyama & Egami, 1970;Ikeda & Egami, 1973) and it is surprising that mutants of PACI which were resistant to this aeruginocin had apparently normal LPS. However Ito et a[.…”

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confidence: 99%

The Isolation and Characterization of Lipopolysaccharide-defective Mutants of Pseudomonas aeruginosa PAC1

Koval

Meadow

1977

Journal of General Microbiology

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S U M M A R YMutants with defective lipopolysaccharides (LPSs) were isolated from Pseudomonas aeruginosa PACIR (Habs serogroup 3) by selection for resistance to aeruginocin from P . aeruginosa PI 6. Carbenicillin-sensitive mutants were isolated from P . aeruginosa PACI but not all had defective LPSs. Rough colonial morphology and resistance to bacteriophage 119X appeared to be independent of LPS composition.The LPSs from five mutants were analysed and compared with that of the parent strain. Separation of partially-degraded polysaccharides from LPS from PACI on Sephadex G75 yielded two different high molecular weight fractions and a phosphorylated low molecular weight fraction (L). The mutant LPSs lacked most or all of the high molecular weight fractions but retained some low molecular weight material. That from PACI and two of the mutants was separated by elution from Biogel P6 into two fractions. One, Lz, was the core polysaccharide while the other, LI, contained short antigenic side-chains attached to the core like the semi-rough (SR) LPSs of the Enterobacteriaceae. The two mutants which gave the LI fraction reacted with Habs 3 and PACI antisera as did the parent strain. The other three mutants were unreactive and their LPSs contained core components only. One appeared to have a complete core while the other two lacked rhamnose and rhamnose plus glucose respectively. Thus there may be four types of LPS in PACI : one contains unsubstituted core polysaccharide and yields L2 on acid hydrolysis, another has short antigenic side-chains of the SR type and yields the LI fraction, while the two high molecular weight fractions are derived from core polysaccharides with different side-chains.

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“…The particle weight was estimated to be about 107 (4), and subunit analyses revealed that one particle consisted of more than 400 molecules of about 20 different protein species (6, 7). The immunological cross reaction was found among pyocin R1 and R2 or R3 (1).…”

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“…A group of pyocins which resembles a certain bacteriophage tail was found by us and referred to as R-type pyocins (1). The genetic character of pyocinogenic factors was also studied, and pyocin R2 as well as R3 factor was found to be incorporated into the bacterial chromosome at a certain position (2,3).…”

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Genetic Mapping of Pyocin R1 Factor in Pseudomonas Aeruginosa

Kageyama

1974

J. Gen. Appl. Microbiol.

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The genetic factor responsible for the production of pyocin R1 was found to be transferable from the original strain P15 to PAO sublines by A group of pyocins which resembles a certain bacteriophage tail was found by us and referred to as R-type pyocins (1). The genetic character of pyocinogenic factors was also studied, and pyocin R2 as well as R3 factor was found to be incorporated into the bacterial chromosome at a certain position (2, 3). This paper will show that the genetic determinant for pyocin Rl production is also of chromosomal nature. Pyocin R 1 (hitherto referred to as pyocin R) was the first pyocin to be purified and characterized (4). It has a complex structure composed of a core, sheath, base plate, and fibers (5). The particle weight was estimated to be about 107 (4), and subunit analyses revealed that one particle consisted of more than 400 molecules of about 20 different protein species (6, 7). The immunological cross reaction was found among pyocin R1 and R2 or R3 (1).For the genetic analysis of pyocin R1 factor, the transfer of this factor from the original strain P15 to PAO strains was attempted, since PAO strains are genetically the best analysed Pseudomonas (8). We found that pyocin R1 factor can be transferred from P15 to PAO by F116-mediated transduction, although at a very low frequency. The behavior of Rl factor thus transferred was studied in PAO strains comparing to that of R2 or R3 factor. 269

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Isolation and Characterization of Pyocins From Several Strains of Pseudomonas Aeruginosa

Cited by 87 publications

References 11 publications

Treatment of Pseudomonas aeruginosa infections with pyocines

Treatment of Pseudomonas aeruginosa infections with pyocines

The Isolation and Characterization of Lipopolysaccharide-defective Mutants of Pseudomonas aeruginosa PAC1

Genetic Mapping of Pyocin R1 Factor in Pseudomonas Aeruginosa

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