Isolation and Characterization of Mycoplasma pneumoniae from Cerebrospinal Fluid of a Patient with Pneumonia and Meningoencephalitis

Kasahara, I.; Otsubo, Yuta; Yanase, Tohru; Oshima, Hisaji; H, Ichimaru; Nakamura, Masahiro

doi:10.1093/infdis/152.4.823

Cited by 60 publications

(30 citation statements)

References 10 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…However, the availability of PCR has greatly enhanced understanding of how M. pneumoniae can disseminate throughout the body. The presence of M. pneumoniae in extrapulmonary sites such as blood, synovial fluid and cerebrospinal fluid, pericardial fluid, and skin lesions has been documented by PCR as well as culture, so direct invasion must always be considered (23,220,235,306,360). However, the frequency of direct invasion of these sites is unknown because the organism is rarely sought for clinical purposes.…”

Section: Extrapulmonary Manifestationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mycoplasma pneumoniaeand Its Role as a Human Pathogen

2004

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Mycoplasma pneumoniae is a unique bacterium that does not always receive the attention it merits considering the number of illnesses it causes and the degree of morbidity associated with it in both children and adults. Serious infections requiring hospitalization, while rare, occur in both adults and children and may involve multiple organ systems. The severity of disease appears to be related to the degree to which the host immune response reacts to the infection. Extrapulmonary complications involving all of the major organ systems can occur in association with M. pneumoniae infection as a result of direct invasion and/or autoimmune response. The extrapulmonary manifestations are sometimes of greater severity and clinical importance than the primary respiratory infection. Evidence for this organism's contributory role in chronic lung conditions such as asthma is accumulating. Effective management of M. pneumoniae infections can usually be achieved with macrolides, tetracyclines, or fluoroquinolones. As more is learned about the pathogenesis and immune response elicited by M. pneumoniae, improvement in methods for diagnosis and prevention of disease due to this organism may occur

show abstract

Section: Extrapulmonary Manifestationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mycoplasma pneumoniaeand Its Role as a Human Pathogen

2004

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…In prospective studies, the organism is consistently implicated in 5% to 13% of acute encephalitis cases [5,8,25] and an increased incidence has been observed during outbreaks of M. pneumoniae respiratory disease [4•, 25]. The strongest evidence linking M. pneumoniae with CNS disease is provided by case reports of individuals from whom M. pneumoniae was isolated in culture from the brain or CSF [7,13,14,16,20,23]. However, the full extent and spectrum of disease attributable to M. pneumoniae remains unknown, in part because of our incomplete understanding of the pathogenesis of extrapulmonary M. pneumoniae disease and in part because of limitations of currently available diagnostic tests.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mycoplasma pneumoniae: Innocent Bystander or a True Cause of Central Nervous System Disease?

Bitnun

Richardson

2010

Curr Infect Dis Rep

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The consistency with which Mycoplasma pneumoniae has been implicated as a cause of encephalitis, and the increased incidence of central nervous system (CNS) disease observed during M. pneumoniae respiratory outbreaks, support the role of M. pneumoniae as a CNS pathogen. Three pathophysiologic mechanisms have been proposed: direct infection, autoimmunity, and vascular occlusion. Recent evidence demonstrating the organism's ability to survive intracellularly, presence of its DNA in the serum of individuals with acute encephalitis, case reports in which the organism is detected in brain parenchyma or cerebrospinal fluid (CSF), and animal data demonstrating CNS invasion by several Mycoplasma species support the contention that M. pneumoniae is capable of direct infection of the CNS. Because of limitations of current serologic assays and difficulty in interpreting the significance of positive polymerase chain reaction results in regard to acuity of infection and viability of the organism, the diagnosis of M. pneumoniae-associated CNS disease should be based on a combination of positive tests and exclusion of alternative diagnoses.

show abstract

“…Cases that were confirmed by the isolation of M. pneumoniae from the cerebrospinal fluid [1,9] or by detection by the use of PCR are not common [14,30]. Previous studies showed that the M. pneumoniae genome was detectable by PCR at a significantly higher rate in cerebrospinal fluid samples from patients with early-onset encephalitis (defined as central nervous system disease onset within 7 days from Fig.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mycoplasma pneumoniae: nervous system complications in childhood and review of the literature

et al. 2008

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Mycoplasma pneumoniae is an important pathogen which causes nervous system disorders during or after the course of a respiratory tract infection. The exact pathogenic mechanism which causes neurological disorders still remains unknown. Although meningoencephalitis and acute disseminated encephalomyelitis are common complications, there are few cases of acute transverse myelitis and isolated abducens nerve palsy associated with M. pneumoniae infection in childhood. The association between ocular myasthenia gravis and M. pneumoniae infection has not been described before. Here, we describe five patients with different nervous system complications associated with M. pneumoniae infection and discuss the pathological features of central nervous system involvement.

show abstract

Isolation and Characterization of Mycoplasma pneumoniae from Cerebrospinal Fluid of a Patient with Pneumonia and Meningoencephalitis

Cited by 60 publications

References 10 publications

Mycoplasma pneumoniaeand Its Role as a Human Pathogen

Mycoplasma pneumoniaeand Its Role as a Human Pathogen

Mycoplasma pneumoniae: Innocent Bystander or a True Cause of Central Nervous System Disease?

Mycoplasma pneumoniae: nervous system complications in childhood and review of the literature

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About