Isolation and Characterization of Monokaryotic Strains ofLentinula edodesShowing Higher Fruiting Rate and Better Fruiting Body Production

Abstract

The effects of monokaryotic strains on fruiting body formation of Lentinula edodes were examined through mating and cultivation of the mated dikaryotic mycelia in sawdust medium. To accomplish this, monokaryotic strains of L. edodes were isolated from basidiospores of the commercial dikaryotic strains, Chamaram (Cham) and Sanjo701 (SJ701). A total of 703 matings (538 self-matings and 165 outcrosses) were performed, which generated 133 self-mates and 84 outcross mates. The mating rate was 25% and 50% for self-mating and outcross, respectively. The bipolarity of the outcross indicated the multi-allelic nature of the mating type genes. The mating was only dependent on the A mating type locus, while the B locus showed no effect, implying that the B locus is multi-allelic. Next, 145 selected dikaryotic mates were cultivated in sawdust medium. The self-mated dikaryotic progenies showed 51.3% and 69.5% fruiting rates for Cham and SJ701, respectively, while the fruiting rate of the outcross mates was 63.2%. The dikaryotic mates generated by mating with one of the monokaryotic strains, including A20, B2, E1, and E3, showed good fruiting performance and tended to yield high fruiting body production, while many of the monokaryotic strains failed to form fruiting bodies. Overall, these findings suggest that certain monokaryotic strains have traits enabling better mating and fruiting.

Comparative transcriptome analysis of dikaryotic mycelia and mature fruiting bodies in the edible mushroom Lentinula edodes

“…Among Korean L . edodes cultivars, the dikaryotic strain Sanjo 701 (SJ701) in particular is popular for sawdust-bag cultivation and has been important in the development of monokaryotic strains for mating and fruiting 4 and antibacterial substances against different phytopathogenic bacteria 5 .…”

Nucleus-Selective Expression of Laccase Genes in the Dikaryotic Strain ofLentinula edodes

“…Monokaryotic and dikaryotic strains of L. edodes ‘Chamaram’ isolated previously were used for this study [ 8 ]. Mushroom strains were cultured in potato dextrose broth (PDB; Vent Tech Bio Co., Eumseong, Korea) or on potato dextrose agar (Oxoid Ltd., Hampshire, UK) at 25℃.…”

“…Monokaryotic strains A2, A5, A9, A15, and A18 were mated with partner monokaryotic strains B2, B5, and B16 to generate dikaryotic strains A5B2, A15B5, A18B2, A2B16, and A9B16. Monokaryotic B strains were generated by chemical mutagenesis of basidiospores collected from the fruiting body whereas A strains were from the wild type basidiospores of dikaryotic L. edodes ‘Chamaram’ strain [ 8 ].…”

“…This indicates that the nuclei in the common cytoplasm might cooperate in the expression of allelic genes for optimal survival under changing environmental conditions. Moreover, our previous mating experiments have hinted that dikaryotic strains, derived from a certain monokaryotic strain, consistently show better fruiting rate with higher production yield regardless of its partner monokaryotic strains, whereas some monokaryotic strains would yield dikaryotic strains with low fruiting rates, deformed fruiting bodies, and/or low production yields [ 8 ]. This suggests that, between the two independent nuclei in the dikaryotic cytoplasm, a nucleus might be dominant over the other, to govern physiological characteristics of the mushroom.…”

Investigating the Effect of Tissue Size on Mycelial Growth of Seven Mushroom Species by Using a Novel Device for Precise Tissue Isolation

“…[9]. Spore isolation is mainly used to obtain single-spore cultures, which can be employed as units for hybridization breeding of mushroom species, including the successful breeding of improved Pleurotus ostreatus and L. edodes strains [10,11]. Single-spore cultures can also be used for mating system analysis of mushrooms [12,13].…”