Isolation and characterization of microsatellite loci from Iguana delicatissima (Reptilia: Iguanidae), new perspectives for investigation of hybridization events with Iguana iguana

Valette, Victorien; Filipová, Lenka; Vuillaume, Barbara; Cherbonnel, Corinne; Risterucci, Ange Marie; Delaunay, Carine; Breuil, Michel; Grandjean, Frédéric

doi:10.1007/s12686-012-9761-z

Cited by 14 publications

(17 citation statements)

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“…When did Iguana insularis diverge from other species in this genus? Studies of iguana morphology (Breuil 2013, 2016) and genetics (Stephen et al 2013; Valette et al 2012; Vuillaume et al 2015) have shown there are at least three ancient lineages ( I. delicatissima and the iguanas of Central America and South American) in the genus Iguana , with a genetic divergence approximated by a molecular clock of 1.29 million years for every 1% sequence divergence at the ND4-Leu Locus (Malone et al 2000). With approximately 10% divergence (Malone & Davis, 2004) between I. iguana and I. delicatissima , the age of separation of these two species is therefore about 11-12 My; but according to Hedges et al (2015), the two lineages could have diverged as much as 22.8 My ago.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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A story of nasal horns: A new species ofIguanaLaurenti, 1768 (Squamata, Iguanidae) in Saint Lucia, St Vincent & the Grenadines, and Grenada (Southern Lesser Antilles) and its implications for the taxonomy of the genusIguana

Breuil¹,

Vuillaume²,

Schikorski³

et al. 2018

Preprint

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The Lesser Antilles, in the Eastern Caribbean, were long considered to have only two species in the genusIguanaLaurenti 1768: the Lesser Antillean iguanaIguana delicatissima, which is endemic to parts of the Lesser Antilles, and the common green iguanaIguana iguana, which also occurs throughout Central and South America. However, herpetologists and reptile collectors have pointed out strong physical differences between some of the island populations ofIguana iguanaand those from the continent. Drawing on both morphological and genetic data, this paper describes a third speciesIguana insularissp. nov. from the southern Lesser Antilles, specifically the countries of Saint Lucia, St Vincent & the Grenadines, and Grenada. The new species is described based on the following unique combination of characters: Presence of high median and medium to small lateral horns on the snout; Small subtympanic plate not exceeding 20% of the eardrum size; Two or three scales of decreasing size anterior to the subtympanic plate; Fewer than ten small to medium triangular gular spikes; Medium sized dewlap; Low number of small to medium dispersed nuchal tubercles; Dark brown iris, with the white of the eye visible; Oval, prominent nostril; Short and relatively flat head; High dorsal spines; No swelling of the jowls in reproductively active males; Colour of head, body and tail changing from green to pale grey or creamy white in old adults; Vertical black stripes on body and tail, fading with age in some populations. This paper furthermore distinguishes two subspecies:Iguana insularis insularisfrom the Grenada Bank (comprising Grenada and the Grenadine islands), andIguana insularis sanctaluciaefrom Saint Lucia. The form on the island of Saint Vincent has not been identified. Both subspecies are globally threatened by unsustainable hunting (including the pet trade) and by invasive alien species, including hybridization from invasive iguanas from South and Central America (I. iguanaandI. rhinolopha, considered here as full species) that have become established in all three countries. The authors call for stronger measures to conserve the remaining purebredIguana insularissp. nov. throughout its range and for further research to identify other cryptic species and subspecies ofIguanain the Lesser Antilles.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This data set comprised 36 individuals representing seven insular and continental populations (Table 1). A panel of 17 microsatellite markers were amplified as described by Valette et al (2012) and Vuillaume et al (2015).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A story of nasal horns: A new species ofIguanaLaurenti, 1768 (Squamata, Iguanidae) in Saint Lucia, St Vincent & the Grenadines, and Grenada (Southern Lesser Antilles) and its implications for the taxonomy of the genusIguana

Breuil¹,

Vuillaume²,

Schikorski³

et al. 2018

Preprint

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“…However, its current range is much reduced and the conservation status of I. delicatissima has recently been elevated on the IUCN Red List to Critically Endangered due to its restricted and severely fragmented distribution. These factors, along with reports from 2017 of the first sightings of I. iguana on the island of Dominica, which was considered one of the most secure strongholds of I. delicatissima, have highlighted the extreme vulnerability of this species (van den Burg et al 2018).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…Two genera of the Iguanidae, Cyclura and Iguana, are native to the West Indies: the genus Cyclura is restricted to the Bahamas and Greater Antilles, while the genus Iguana is native to the Lesser Antilles and parts of Central and South America. Two species of Iguana are currently recognised: the Critically Endangered Lesser Antillean iguana Iguana delicatissima (van den Burg et al 2018), the green or common iguana Iguana iguana (classified by IUCN as Least Concern Bock 2018). The latter includes several native subspecies, including Iguana iguana insularis (first described and evaluated as Vulnerable by Breuil et al 2019) and Iguana iguana sanctaluciae (described and evaluated as Critically Endangered, Breuil et al 2019).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Testing for hybridisation of the Critically Endangered Iguana delicatissima on Anguilla to inform conservation efforts

et al. 2020

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The Caribbean Island of Anguilla in the northeastern Lesser Antilles is home to one of the last populations of the Critically Endangered Lesser Antillean iguana Iguana delicatissima. This population is highly threatened primarily because of hybridisation with non-native Iguana iguana. This study assesses the degree of hybridisation between Anguilla's Iguana species firstly using morphological characteristics and then genetic analysis to validate the genetic integrity of morphologically identified I. delicatissima. We also examined the genetic diversity of Anguilla's I. delicatissima population, and that of a population on the nearby island of Îlet Fourchue, St Barthélemy. Forty-five iguanas were captured in Anguilla and 10 in St Barthélemy, and sequences from 3 nuclear and 1 mtDNA genes were obtained for each. Of the 45 iguanas captured in Anguilla, 22 were morphologically identified as I. delicatissima, 12 as I. iguana and the remainder were identified as hybrids. Morphological assignments were all confirmed by genetic analyses except for one I. iguana and one hybrid individual. These two individuals appeared likely to have originated following ancestral hybridisation events several generations ago. A significant paucity of genetic diversity was found within Anguillan and St Barthélemy I. delicatissima populations, with a single haplotype being identified for each of the three nuclear genes and the mtDNA sequence. This study highlights the urgency for immediate action to conserve Anguilla's remnant I. delicatissima population. Protection from hybridisation will require translocation to I. iguana-free offshore cays, with supplementary individuals being sourced from neighbouring islands to enhance the genetic diversity of the population.

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“…The discovery of a possibly ancient, introduced I. iguana population in the Lesser Antilles at Montserrat, St. Lucia, and Saba, however, and the weak genetic diversity of the I. delicatissima populations among islands, make the island colonization and evolution scenario of these two iguanas difficult to understand. Approaching such questions can be done using genetic data (Malone and Davis, 2004;Stephen et al, 2013;Valette et al, 2013), but subfossil remains preserved in archaeological and paleontological deposits also can provide direct evidence of past iguana populations to suggest new hypotheses or test genetic assumptions. Such material is available in the Lesser Antilles, where there exist dozens of archaeological sites of pre-Columbian age that contain iguana remains (Grouard, 2001(Grouard, , 2007(Grouard, , 2010(Grouard, , 2013.…”

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confidence: 99%

Osteological Differentiation of theIguanaLaurenti, 1768 (Squamata: Iguanidae) Species:Iguana iguana(Linnaeus, 1758) andIguana delicatissimaLaurenti, 1768, with some Comments on their Hybrids

Bochaton

Grouard

Breuil

et al. 2016

Journal of Herpetology

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Isolation and characterization of microsatellite loci from Iguana delicatissima (Reptilia: Iguanidae), new perspectives for investigation of hybridization events with Iguana iguana

Cited by 14 publications

References 1 publication

A story of nasal horns: A new species ofIguanaLaurenti, 1768 (Squamata, Iguanidae) in Saint Lucia, St Vincent & the Grenadines, and Grenada (Southern Lesser Antilles) and its implications for the taxonomy of the genusIguana

A story of nasal horns: A new species ofIguanaLaurenti, 1768 (Squamata, Iguanidae) in Saint Lucia, St Vincent & the Grenadines, and Grenada (Southern Lesser Antilles) and its implications for the taxonomy of the genusIguana

Testing for hybridisation of the Critically Endangered Iguana delicatissima on Anguilla to inform conservation efforts

Osteological Differentiation of theIguanaLaurenti, 1768 (Squamata: Iguanidae) Species:Iguana iguana(Linnaeus, 1758) andIguana delicatissimaLaurenti, 1768, with some Comments on their Hybrids

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