Isolation and characterization of Dehalobacterium formicoaceticum gen. nov. sp. nov., a strictly anaerobic bacterium utilizing dichloromethane as source of carbon and energy

Mägli, Andreas; Wendt, Matthias; Leisinger, Thomas

doi:10.1007/s002030050362

Cited by 90 publications

(121 citation statements)

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“…In vessels amended with hydrogen (80% of the headspace) instead of DCM, acetate was formed, confirming that bacteria capable of CO 2 reductive acetogenesis were present (as indicated by the clone library results); however, the hydrogen-fed culture lost its ability to degrade DCM. While DCM degradation occurred in both bicarbonate-or HEPES-buffered microcosms, DCM degradation by the sediment-free enrichment culture only occurred in medium amended with CO 2 , similar to what has been observed for Dehalobacterium formicoaceticum (20). Dehalobacter 16S rRNA gene copies did not increase without DCM, indicating that the DCM degrader did not grow via CO 2 reductive acetogenesis.…”

supporting

confidence: 73%

“…If successful, such a consortium should be tested as a bioaugmentation inoculum to initiate chlorinated methane degradation at field sites where CF and DCM persist. To date, Dehalobacterium formicoaceticum has been the only described anaerobe capable of DCM fermentation (20), and our findings expand the diversity of microbes that share this trait. Furthermore, the discovery of a DCM-fermenting Dehalobacter sp.…”

supporting

confidence: 68%

“…The latter study suggested that methanogens, sulfate reducers, and nitrate reducers were not directly responsible for DCM degradation. To date, Dehalobacterium formicoaceticum is the only organism described to anaerobically metabolize DCM via a fermentative pathway to acetate, formate, and inorganic chloride (18,20).Dehalobacter spp. are characterized as strictly organohaliderespiring organisms, and no other growth-supporting substrates or substrate combinations could be identified (21, 26).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Dichloromethane Fermentation by a Dehalobacter sp. in an Enrichment Culture Derived from Pristine River Sediment

Justicia-Leon

Ritalahti

Mack

et al. 2012

Appl Environ Microbiol

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Dichloromethane (DCM) as the sole substrate supported growth of a Dehalobacter sp. in an enrichment culture derived from noncontaminated river sediment. DCM was not reductively dechlorinated, and acetate was produced, indicating DCM fermentation and further suggesting Dehalobacter growth is not limited to organohalide respiration.T he chlorinated methanes carbon tetrachloride (CT), chloroform (CF), and dichloromethane (DCM) are common groundwater contaminants (23). No microbes capable of metabolizing CT have been reported, but the interaction of CT with electron transfer-active biomolecules can yield the trichloromethyl radical, which leads to unspecific transformation reactions and, consequently, CF formation (22). CF can be cometabolically transformed under sulfate-reducing and methanogenic conditions (11,30), and a recent report demonstrated growth of a Dehalobacter sp. linked to reductive dechlorination of CF to DCM and inorganic chloride as end products (8). This finding suggested that CF organohalide respiration provides an additional source of DCM in anoxic environments. Under oxic conditions, DCM is readily degraded by methylotrophic bacteria harboring glutathione-dependent DCM dehalogenases (3,15,29); however, the fate of DCM in anoxic habitats is poorly understood. A few studies have demonstrated DCM degradation under denitrifying (7), acetogenic (5, 19), and methanogenic (6) conditions, and DCM fermentation was observed in a packed-bed digester sludge reactor (4). The latter study suggested that methanogens, sulfate reducers, and nitrate reducers were not directly responsible for DCM degradation. To date, Dehalobacterium formicoaceticum is the only organism described to anaerobically metabolize DCM via a fermentative pathway to acetate, formate, and inorganic chloride (18,20).Dehalobacter spp. are characterized as strictly organohaliderespiring organisms, and no other growth-supporting substrates or substrate combinations could be identified (21, 26). Dehalobacter spp. respire chlorinated ethenes (14), chlorinated ethanes (9, 27), 4,5,6,7-tetrachlorophthalide (31), ␤-hexachlorocyclohexane (28), and CF (8) and recently have been implicated in reductive dechlorination of dichlorobenzenes and monochlorobenzene (24).Pristine freshwater sediment was collected from Rio Mameyes in Luquillo, Puerto Rico, in October 2009 (latitude 18°21=43.9Љ, longitude Ϫ65°46=10Љ). Microcosms were established as described previously (13) with the following modifications. A pipettable slurry (0.2 g [dry weight] ml Ϫ1 ) was prepared by mixing the sediment with anoxic, bicarbonate-buffered (30 mM, pH 7.2) and HEPES-buffered (10 mM, pH 7.2) mineral salts medium (17). Inside an anoxic chamber (Coy, Ann Arbor, MI) filled with 3% H 2 -97% N 2 (vol/vol), 12-ml aliquots were dispensed into sterile 24-ml (nominal capacity) glass vials. Each microcosm received 20 mg liter Ϫ1 DCM (Ϸ128 M aqueous phase concentration), and triplicate microcosms were incubated statically at room temperature in the dark. DCM and chloromethane (CM) were monit...

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supporting

confidence: 73%

supporting

confidence: 68%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Dichloromethane Fermentation by a Dehalobacter sp. in an Enrichment Culture Derived from Pristine River Sediment

Justicia-Leon

Ritalahti

Mack

et al. 2012

Appl Environ Microbiol

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“…The second aspect studied previously is utilization of organochlorines by SRB as sole source of carbon and energy (fermentation). Formation of acetate from dichloromethane was observed in Dehalobacterium formicoaceticum strain DMC culture, suggesting that this organism was responsible for both dichloromethane degradation and acetate formation (Mägli et al, 1996). The result could be explained by use of organochlorines as carbon and energy sources by SRB that utilize chlorinated C1 and C2 hydrocarbons.…”

Section: Dechlorination Mechanism Of Pp 0 -Ddts By Clostridium Sp Bmentioning

confidence: 94%

Dechlorination of p,p′-DDTs coupled with sulfate reduction by novel sulfate-reducing bacterium Clostridium sp. BXM

Bao

Wang

et al. 2012

Environmental Pollution

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a b s t r a c tA novel non-dsrAB (without dissimilatory sulfite reductase genes) sulfate-reducing bacterium (SRB) Clostridium sp. BXM was isolated from a paddy soil. Incubation experiments were then performed to investigate the formation of reduced sulfur compounds (RSC) by Clostridium sp. BXM, and RSC-induced dechlorination of p,p 0 -DDT in culture medium and soil solution. The RSCs produced were 5.8 mM and 4.5 mM in 28 mM sulfate amended medium and soil solution respectively after 28-day cultivation. The p,p 0 -DDT dechlorination ratios were 74% and 45.8% for 5.8 mM and 4.5 mM RSCs respectively at 6 h. The metabolites of p,p 0 -DDT found in the two reaction systems were identified as p,p 0 -DDD and p,p 0 -DDE. The dechlorination pathways of p,p 0 -DDT to p,p 0 -DDD and p,p 0 -DDE were proposed, based on mass balance and dechlorination time-courses. The results indicated that RSC-induced natural dechlorination may play an important role in the fate of organochlorines.Crown

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Reductive Dehalogenation and Metabolism of Haloorganics

Zinder

2003

Encyclopedia of Environmental Microbiology

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Introduction Cometabolic Reductive Dechlorination Reductive Dechlorination and Dehalorespiration Chloroethene Utilization Chlorinated Methane and Trichloroacetate Utilization Chlorophenol and Bromophenol Utilization Reductive Dehalogenation of other Organohalogen Compounds by Mixed Microbial Populations Biochemistry and Molecular Biology of Reductive Dechlorination Bioremediation Studies

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Isolation and characterization of Dehalobacterium formicoaceticum gen. nov. sp. nov., a strictly anaerobic bacterium utilizing dichloromethane as source of carbon and energy

Cited by 90 publications

References 0 publications

Dichloromethane Fermentation by a Dehalobacter sp. in an Enrichment Culture Derived from Pristine River Sediment

Dichloromethane Fermentation by a Dehalobacter sp. in an Enrichment Culture Derived from Pristine River Sediment

Dechlorination of p,p′-DDTs coupled with sulfate reduction by novel sulfate-reducing bacterium Clostridium sp. BXM

Reductive Dehalogenation and Metabolism of Haloorganics

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