“…MSCs were first isolated from the BM (Friedenstein et al, 1968), but recent studies have revealed that these cells can be cultured from various other tissues such as adipose (Estes et al, 2010), heart (Pilato et al, 2018), Wharton's jelly (Chao et al, 2008), peripheral blood (He et al, 2007), dental pulp (Jo et al, 2007), cord blood (Oh et al, 2008), menstrual blood (Patel et al, 2008), and chorionic villi (Yang et al, 2013). MSCs are characterized by the presence of surface markers such as CD105, CD73, CD90 and the absence of CD45, CD34, CD14, CD11b, CD79a, or CD19 and HLA‐DR as well as the ability to differentiate into osteoblasts, chondrocytes, and adipocytes (Dominici et al, 2006).…”