Isolation and Characterization of Bacteria from the Baltic Sea

Neilson, Alasdair H.

doi:10.1111/j.1365-2672.1980.tb05118.x

Cited by 8 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 61 publications

(25 reference statements)

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“…Our taxonomic results fitted best with the findings of Neilson (32). He investigated coastal regions of the Baltic Sea with different impacts of pollution.…”

Section: Genotypic Grouping Of Strains By Use Of Lmw Rna Profilessupporting

confidence: 86%

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Genotyping of heterotrophic bacteria from the central baltic sea by use of low-molecular-weight RNA profiles

Höfle¹,

Brettar²

1996

Appl Environ Microbiol

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The Gotland Deep, an anoxic basin, was investigated for its heterotrophic microflora as a station representative of the central Baltic Sea and as an example of a brackish water environment. One hundred twenty-three bacterial strains were isolated along the water column by use of four different cultivation procedures. Highresolution electrophoresis of the low-molecular-weight (LMW) RNA (5S rRNA and tRNA) was used for analysis of the taxonomic position of the strains. The banding pattern of the LMW RNA generated by the electrophoresis allowed a taxonomic grouping at the species level of the 123 strains into 24 different genotypes. This grouping was confirmed by use of long-range gels with a substantially better resolution than that of standard gels; i.e., about 60% more tRNA bands were obtained on the long-range gels, and the distance between the bands was increased by about two-thirds. The majority of the strains (76%) could be identified to the species level by comparison with LMW RNA profiles from reference strains stored in an electronic database. Eighty-seven percent of the strains could be assigned to the families Vibrionaceae, Enterobacteriaceae, and Pseudomonadaceae (rRNA group I). The most abundant species among the isolates were Shewanella putrefaciens (48%) and a new Pseudomonas species (24%). The remaining fraction of 28% of the isolates was split into 22 other genotypes. Thirteen of these genotypes were represented by single isolates. This study demonstrates the utility of LMW RNA profiling for a rapid assessment of genotypic diversity of heterotrophic isolates from natural environments.

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“…Our taxonomic results fitted best with the findings of Neilson (32). He investigated coastal regions of the Baltic Sea with different impacts of pollution.…”

Section: Genotypic Grouping Of Strains By Use Of Lmw Rna Profilessupporting

confidence: 86%

“…There have been a few studies on heterotrophic bacterial isolates from the Baltic Sea (6,32). Some of them give interesting insight into the changes in and relatedness among the heterotrophic bacteria at different times and locations (5,6).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Genotyping of heterotrophic bacteria from the central baltic sea by use of low-molecular-weight RNA profiles

Höfle¹,

Brettar²

1996

Appl Environ Microbiol

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“…The isolation and characterization of strains from three localities have already been described (29). Strains were isolated from three additional samples of Baltic Sea and freshwater lake sediments by similar procedures, using methane (strains 1637, 1678), methylamine (strains 1623, 1624, 1631, 1632), and 3,4-dimethoxybenzoate (strains 1539, 1571) as substrates for was carried out as previously described (27,28). Substrates and metabolites.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bacterial O-Methylation of Chloroguaiacols: Effect of Substrate Concentration, Cell Density, and Growth Conditions

Allard¹,

Remberger²,

Neilson³

1985

Appl Environ Microbiol

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0-methylation of chloroguaiacols has been examined in a number of gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria to elucidate the effects of substrate concentration, growth conditions, and cell density. Substrate concentrations between 0.1 and 20.0 mg liter-1 were used, and it was found that (i) yields of the 0-methylated products were significantly higher at the lowest concentrations and (ii) rates of 0-methylation were not linear functions of concentration. With 3,4,5-trichloroguaiacol, the nature of the metabolites also changed with concentration. During growth with a range of substrates, 0-methylation of chloroguaiacols also took place. With vanillate, however, de-O-methylation occurred: the chlorocatechol formed from 4,5,6-trichloroguaiacol was successively 0-methylated to 3,4,5-trichloroguaiacol and 3,4,5-trichloroveratrole, whereas that produced from 4,5-dichloroguaiacol was degraded without 0-methylation. Effective 0-methylation in nonproliferating suspensions occurred at cell densities as low as 105 cells ml-', although both the yields and the rates were lower than in more dense cultures. By using disk assays, it was shown that, compared with their precursors, all of the 0-methylated metabolites were virtually nontoxic to the strains examined. It is therefore proposed that 0-methylation functions as a detoxification mechanism for cells exposed to chloroguaiacols and chlorophenols. In detail, significant differences were observed in the response of gram-positive and gram-negative cell strains to chloroguaiacols. It is concluded that bacterial 0-methylation is to be expected in the natural environment subjected to discharge of chloroguaiacols.

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“…Whereas virtually all the higher biota are undoubtedly marine, the position for bacteria (including cyanobacteria) is more complex. Some seem to be truly marine, but many bacteria of terrestrial origin are able to withstand moderate salinity [151], so that even if cyanobacteria were found in marine environments they would not necessarily be classed as marine. This may pragmatically be defined as the obligatory requirement for a saline medium for growth.…”

Section: Marine or Freshwotermentioning

confidence: 97%

Biological Effects and Biosynthesis of Brominated Metabolites

Neilson

2003

The Handbook of Environmental Chemistry

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Abstract. On the basis of halogenated metabolites assembled by Gribble, an attempt is made to provide a hypothesis for the biosynthesis of representative groups. Examples of brominated and iodinated metabolites are drawn from the major classes of terpenoids and acetogenins, and related to the biosynthesis of their putative precursors. Brominated and iodinated carbocyclic and heterocyclic aromatic compounds are discussed as weil as mechanisms for the oxidative coupling of phenolic substrates. A few chlorinated metabolites are introduced for additional illustration. Halogenation by cationoid (Hai+) reactions catalyzed by haloperoxidases is discussed, and attention drawn to the alternative role of anionoid (Hal-) halogenation. The presentation is extended to the biosynthesis of isonitriles and dichloroimines by anionoid reaction of precursors with cyanide. The range of biota that produce brominated substrates is briefly indicated, and comments made on the ecological significance of metabolites and associations among biota.

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Isolation and Characterization of Bacteria from the Baltic Sea

Cited by 8 publications

References 61 publications

Genotyping of heterotrophic bacteria from the central baltic sea by use of low-molecular-weight RNA profiles

Genotyping of heterotrophic bacteria from the central baltic sea by use of low-molecular-weight RNA profiles

Bacterial O-Methylation of Chloroguaiacols: Effect of Substrate Concentration, Cell Density, and Growth Conditions

Biological Effects and Biosynthesis of Brominated Metabolites

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