Isolation and characterization of apical papilla cells from root end of human third molar and their differentiation into cementoblast cells: an in vitro study

Abstract

Background Periodontal regeneration, treatment of periodontal-related diseases and improving the function of implants are global therapeutic challenges. The differentiation of human stem cells from apical papilla into cementoblasts may provide a strategy for periodontitis treatment. This study aimed to evaluate the differentiation of primary human stem cells apical papilla (hSCAPs) to cementoblast cells. Material and methods SCAPs cells were isolated from human third molar and then incubated for 21 days in a differentiation microenvironment. Alkaline phosphatase (ALP) and Alizarin red S staining assays were performed to evaluate the calcium deposition and formation of hydroxyapatite in the cultured hSCAPs microenvironment. Real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) assay was performed for cementum protein 1 (CEMP1), collagen type I (COL1), F-Spondin (SPON1), osteocalcin (OCN), and osteopontin (OPN) as specific markers of cementoblasts and their progenitors. Results ALP phosphatase activity in day 21 of treatment demonstrated a significant increase in ALP compared to the control. Alizarin red S staining assay showed that the differentiated hSCAPs offered a great amount of calcium deposition nodules compared to the control. The increased expression level of CEMP1, OCN, OPN, COL1 and Spon1 was observed in days 7, 14 and 21 compared to the control, while greatest expression level was observed in day 21. Conclusion In conclusion, the differentiation microenviroment is convenient and useful for promoting the differentiation of hSCAPs into cementoblast.

The 3-dimensional printing for dental tissue regeneration: the state of the art and future challenges

“…It is demonstrated that SCAPs hold the capacity to regenerate dentin-like and pulp-like tissue in vivo ( Sonoyama et al, 2006 ; Huang et al, 2010 ; Hilkens et al, 2017 ). Besides, SCAPs can also differentiate into cementoblasts in vitro , which hold the promise for periodontal regeneration ( Ebadi et al, 2023 ).…”

MiR-199a-5P promotes osteogenic differentiation of human stem cells from apical papilla via targeting IFIT2 in apical periodontitis

“…As a subgroup of dental mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), human stem cells from apical papilla (hSCAPs) can be obtained from the apical tissue of underdeveloped permanent teeth and have been identified as promising seed cells in tissue engineering due to their self-renewal and multi-lineage differentiation potential ( 5 – 7 ). Owing to the capacity to diverge into distinct cell lineages, such as odontogenic, neurogenic, chondrogenic and osteogenic, hSCAPs play a vital role in the development of the root, pulp-dentin complex, and alveolar bone ( 8 , 9 ).…”

Correction: Isolation and characterization of apical papilla cells from root end of human third molar and their differentiation into cementoblast cells: an in vitro study

“…In the version of this article originally published [ 1 ], there was an error in the author's order. The order of authors is now corrected in the author group and the original article has been corrected.…”