Isolation and characterization of an embryo-specific Em-like gene of pedunculate oak (Quercus robur L.) and its temporal and spatial expression patterns during somatic and zygotic embryo development

Šunderlíková, Vanda; Salaj, J.; Matušíková, Ildikó; Wilhelm, Eva

doi:10.1007/s00468-008-0262-3

Cited by 7 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 45 publications

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“…Abundant transcript accumulation was observed when somatic embryos of the species were subjected to 6% sorbitol or after partial desiccation. The results of in situ hybridization experiments appear to suggest that the QrEm gene is embryo-specific and its expression is developmentally regulated (Sunderlikova et al 2009a). Furthermore, three dehydrin genes, QrDhn1, QrDhn2, QrDhn3, were isolated from pedunculate oak.…”

Section: Genomicsmentioning

confidence: 93%

“…In an attempt to understand the maturation and germination processes in pedunculate oak, the expression patterns of the storage protein legumin gene and Em-like and dehydrin-like homologs were investigated (Sunderlikova and Wilhelm 2002;Sunderlikova et al 2009a). The latter authors concluded that these proteins may be useful as markers of the physiological and maturation condition of somatic embryos (see also ''Genomics'' section).…”

Section: Maturation Germination and Plantlet Conversionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Application of biotechnological tools to Quercus improvement

et al. 2011

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The genus Quercus, which belongs to the family Fagaceae, is native to the northern hemisphere and includes deciduous and evergreen species. The trees of the different species are very important from both economic and ecological perspectives. Application of new technological approaches (which span the fields of plant developmental biology, genetic transformation, conservation of elite germplasm and discovery of genes associated with complex multigenic traits) to these long-rotation hardwoods may be of interest for accelerating tree improvement programs. This review provides a summary of the advances made in the application of biotechnological tools to specific oak species. Significant progress has been made in the area of clonal propagation via organogenesis and somatic embryogenesis (SE). Standardized procedures have been developed for micropropagating the most important European (Q. robur, Q. petarea, Q. suber) and American (Q. alba, Q. bicolor, Q. rubra) oaks by axillary shoot growth. Although regenerated plantlets are grown in experimental trials, large-scale propagation of oak species has not been carried out. The induction of SE in oaks from juvenile explants is generally not problematic, although the use of explants other than zygotic embryos is much less efficient. During the last decade, enormous advances have been made in inducing SE from selected adult trees, mainly specimens of pedunculate oak (Q. robur) and cork oak (Q. suber). Advances in the understanding of the maturation and germination steps are required for better use of embryogenic process in clonal forestry. Quercus species are late-maturing and late-flowering, exhibit irregular seed set, and produce seeds that are recalcitrant to storage by conventional procedures. Vitrification-based cryopreservation techniques were used successfully in somatic embryos of pedunculate oak and cork oak, and an applied genbank of cork oak selected genotypes is now under development. The feasibility of genetic transformation of pedunculate oak and cork oak somatic embryos by means of co-culture techniques with several strains of Agrobacterium tumefaciens has also been demonstrated. To date, most research on the genomics of Quercus species has concerned population genetics. Approaches using functional genomics to examine the molecular and cellular mechanisms that control organogenesis and or somatic embryogenesis are still scarce, and efforts on the isolation and characterization of genes related to other specific traits should be intensified in the near future, as this would help improve the practical application of clonal forestry in recalcitrant species such as oaks.

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Section: Genomicsmentioning

confidence: 93%

Section: Maturation Germination and Plantlet Conversionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Application of biotechnological tools to Quercus improvement

et al. 2011

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“…In the last years, knowledge about gene regulation of plant differentiation has speed out and genes involved on the induction of embryogenic competence of somatic cells have been identified in woody plant species, mainly conifers (Rupps et al., 2016; Gautier et al., 2018). But, in oaks and in spite of its ecological and economical importance, very few reports have been released concerning genetic control of SE induction (Šunderlíková et al., 2009; Valladares et al., 2013) and maturation (Šunderlíková and Wilhem, 2002; Pérez et al., 2015). More recently, DNA demethylation has been associated with SE initiation in Q. alba (Corredoira et al., 2017b).…”

Section: Concluding Remarks and Future Perspectivesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Holm Oak Somatic Embryogenesis: Current Status and Future Perspectives

et al. 2019

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Quercus ilex (holm oak) is one of the most representative trees in the Mediterranean basin, but now the sustainability of its ecosystems is at serious risk due to the lack of natural regeneration and to the presence of a severe disease called oak decline that has caused the death of thousands of trees. The application of biotechnological tools, such as somatic embryogenesis, allows programs of genetic improvement of the species to be speeded up and helps in the conservation of its ecosystems. Somatic embryogenesis is currently considered one of the main biotechnological techniques that has demonstrated significant benefits when has applied to forest tree species, providing significant advantages such as mass propagation, genetic transformation, application of synthetic seed, and cryopreservation of elite genotypes. In this report, the state of the art of somatic embryogenesis in holm oak is reviewed. Factors affecting the induction (plant donor age, type of explant, or plant growth regulators) and maintenance and proliferation of the embryogenic cultures are summarized. Advances on the conversion of somatic embryos into plants and on the acclimatization of these plantlets, as well as the results obtained on the application of the genetic transformation and the cryopreservation procedures to holm oak embryogenic cultures, are also presented.

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Dehydrin genes and their expression in recalcitrant oak (Quercus robur) embryos

et al. 2009

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In this work, three dehydrin genes, QrDhn1, QrDhn2, QrDhn3, were isolated from recalcitrant oak (Quercus robur). Their expression pattern was analyzed in both zygotic and somatic embryos as well as in vegetative tissues exposed to different kinds of abiotic stresses including desiccation, osmotic stress, and chilling. The QrDhn1 gene encoding for Y(n)SK(n) type dehydrin was expressed during later stages of zygotic embryo development but in somatic embryos only when exposed to osmotic or desiccation stress. In contrast, the other two oak dehydrin genes encoding for putative K(n) type dehydrins were expressed only in somatic embryos (both not-treated and osmotically stressed) and leaves of oak seedlings exposed to desiccation. Behavior of these genes suggests that different dehydrins are involved in processes of seed maturation and response to altered osmotic (water status) conditions in somatic embryos. Revealing further members of dehydrin gene family in recalcitrant oak might contribute to clarify non-orthodox seed behavior as well as identify mechanisms contributing to desiccation tolerance in plants.

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Isolation and characterization of an embryo-specific Em-like gene of pedunculate oak (Quercus robur L.) and its temporal and spatial expression patterns during somatic and zygotic embryo development

Cited by 7 publications

References 45 publications

Application of biotechnological tools to Quercus improvement

Application of biotechnological tools to Quercus improvement

Holm Oak Somatic Embryogenesis: Current Status and Future Perspectives

Dehydrin genes and their expression in recalcitrant oak (Quercus robur) embryos

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