Isolation and characterization of allelochemicals in rye herbage

Barnes, Jane P.; Putnam, A. R.; Burke, Basil A.; Aasen, Arne Jørgen

doi:10.1016/s0031-9422(00)81818-x

Cited by 145 publications

(75 citation statements)

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“…O experimento foi considerado concluído quando a germinação foi nula por três dias consecutivos. Para os bioensaios de crescimento foi utilizada a metodologia descrita por Barnes et al (1987). As medidas da radícula e do hipocótilo/coleóptilo de 10 plântulas por placa foram feitas três dias após a germinação, utilizando-se papel milimetrado.…”

Section: (Cgms/bhcb)unclassified

Potencial alelopático de espécies de Pteridaceae (Pteridophyta)

et al. 2004

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RESUMO -(Potencial alelopático de espécies de Pteridaceae (Pteridophyta)). As pteridófitas exibem forte mecanismo de dominância nas áreas onde crescem, formando associações quase que puras, onde apenas poucas espécies coexistem. Extratos etanólicos de cinco espécies de Pteridaceae, nas concentrações de 250, 500 e 1.000mg.L -1 , foram avaliados por meio de bioensaios de germinação e crescimento em condições de laboratório, para verificar o potencial de atividade alelopática sobre Lactuca sativa (L.) cv. Grand rapids (alface) e Allium cepa (L.) cv. Baia periforme (cebola). Adiantopsis radiata (L.) Feé, Adiantum serratodentatum Willd. e Pteris denticulata Sw. var. denticulata foram coletadas na Fazenda Azulão, situada no município de Dourados, MS, Brasil e as espécies Adiantum tetraphyllum Willd. e Pityrogramma calomelanos (L.) Link var. calomelanos foram coletadas na Fazenda Curupi, situada em Ponta Porã, MS, Brasil. Os bioensaios realizados revelaram que: 1) os cinco extratos vegetais não interferem significativamente na germinação de alface e cebola; 2) os extratos de Adiantum serratodentatum, Adiantum tetraphyllum, Adiantopsis radiata e Pityrogramma calomelanos inibem o crescimento da radícula das plântulas de alface; 3) Adiantum serratodentatum, Adiantum tetraphyllum e Pteris denticulata inibem o crescimento do hipocótilo de alface; 4) Adiantopsis radiata, Adiantum serratodentatum e Pteris denticulata inibem tanto o crescimento da radícula quanto do coleóptilo das plântulas de cebola. Os resultados obtidos até o momento permitem inferir que os extratos etanólicos das espécies em estudo contêm substâncias que modificam o crescimento das plântulas de alface e cebola.Palavras-chave: aleloquímicos, germinação, crescimento, pteridófitas, alface, cebola ABSTRACT -(Allelopathic potential of species of Pteridaceae (Pteridophyta)). Ferns exhibit a strong pattern of dominance in the areas in which they grow, forming almost pure associations, where only a few species coexist. Ethanol extractions of five species of Pteridaceae, in concentrations of 250, 500 and 1,000mg.L -1 , were evaluated using germination and growth bioassays under laboratory conditions, to verify the potential for allelopathic activity against Lactuca sativa (L.) strain Grand rapids (lettuce) and Allium cepa (L.) strain Baia periforme (onion). Adiantopsis radiata (L.) Feé, Adiantum serratodentatum Willd. and Pteris denticulata Sw. var. denticulata were collected at the Fazenda Azulão, situated in the municipality of Dourados, MS, Brazil, while the species Adiantum tetraphyllum Willd. and Pityrogramma calomelanos (L.) Link var. calomelanos were collected at the Fazenda Curupi, situated in Ponta Porã, MS, Brazil. The bioassays carried out revealed the following: 1) the five vegetal extracts did not significantly interfere with the germination of the lettuce or onion; 2) the extracts of Adiantum serratodentatum, Adiantum tetraphyllum, Adiantopsis radiata, and Pityrogramma calomelanos inhibited the radicular growth of the lettuce seedlings; 3) Adiantum se...

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Section: (Cgms/bhcb)unclassified

Potencial alelopático de espécies de Pteridaceae (Pteridophyta)

et al. 2004

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“…Microbes can deactivate watersoluble allelochemicals released soon after cover crop residue incorporation (Jilani et al 2008), but they can also transform harmless plant-derived compounds to more toxic forms (Williamson et al 1992). Microbes play important roles in releasing additional allelochemicals bound up in the recalcitrant fractions of cover crop residues (Barnes et al 1987). These insoluble allelochemicals can constitute a significant fraction of total allelopathic potential of a cover crop residue (Harper and Lynch 1982), so microbes may slowly release residue-derived allelochemicals, extending the longevity of a cover crop's effectiveness.…”

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Interactions between allelochemicals and the microbial community affect weed suppression following cover crop residue incorporation into soil

Lou

Davis²,

Yannarell

2015

Plant Soil

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Background and aims The objective of this study is to understand how soil microorganisms interact with cover crop-derived allelochemicals to suppress weed germination and growth following cover crop residue incorporation. Methods We conducted a time series experiment crossing sterilized and non-sterilized soil with four different residue treatments. We measured weed seed germination rates, radicle elongation, and disease incidence in seed germination bioassays. We also monitored cover crop-derived, isoflavone allelochemicals in these bioassays. We partitioned the total weed suppression into three sources: microbe-only inhibition, residue-only inhibition, and the microbe-residue interaction. Results Microbial activity suppressed weed germination and growth for 30 days, while cover crop-derived allelochemicals provided suppression for a limited time. There was an antagonistic interaction between microbes and allelochemicals. This interaction was strongest for water-soluble allelochemicals, while residue fractions containing intact plant tissues retained greater suppressiveness even in the presence of a live microbial community. Conclusions Microbial activity can directly suppress weed germination and growth, but microorganisms also indirectly help weeds by degrading cover crop-derived allelochemicals. As a result of these interactions, cover crop-derived weed suppression in agricultural soils shifts from an early allelochemical-dominated phase to a later phase where microbial suppression is more important.

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“…When BOA and its related products are exuded as active plant metabolites from the roots into the soil, they can be absorbed and translocated into other crop plants to cause physiological disturbances that can even include declines in crop yields (17). This phenomenon has been demonstrated in various test plants, such as Lactuca sativa (18), Lepidium sativum (19), Avena sativa (20) and Cucumis sativus (21). Therefore, reducing the inhibitory effect of BOA derivatives on economic crops through the use of microbial metabolic processes is imperative.…”

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Metabolic Pathway Involved in 6-Chloro-2-Benzoxazolinone Degradation by Pigmentiphaga sp. Strain DL-8 and Identification of the Novel Metal-Dependent Hydrolase CbaA

Dong

Wang

Huang

et al. 2016

Appl Environ Microbiol

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ABSTRACT6-Chloro-2-benzoxazolinone (CDHB) is a precursor of herbicide, insecticide, and fungicide synthesis and has a broad spectrum of biological activity. Pigmentiphaga sp. strain DL-8 can transform CDHB into 2-amino-5-chlorophenol (2A5CP), which it then utilizes as a carbon source for growth. The CDHB hydrolase (CbaA) was purified from strain DL-8, which can also hydrolyze 2-benzoxazolinone (BOA), 5-chloro-2-BOA, and benzamide. The specific activity of purified CbaA was 5,900 U · mg protein ؊1for CDHB, with K m and k cat values of 0.29 mM and 8,500 s ؊1 , respectively. The optimal pH for purified CbaA was 9.0, the highest activity was observed at 55°C, and the inactive metal-free enzyme could be reactivated by Mg 2؉ , Ni 2؉ , Ca 2؉ , or Zn 2؉ . Based on the results obtained for the CbaA peptide mass fingerprinting and draft genome sequence of strain DL-8, cbaA (encoding 339 amino acids) was cloned and expressed in Escherichia coli BL21(DE3). CbaA shared 18 to 21% identity with some metal-dependent hydrolases of the PF01499 family and contained the signature metal-binding motif Q 127 XXXQ 131 XD 133 XXXH 137 . The conserved amino acid residues His288 and Glu301 served as the proton donor and acceptor. E. coli BL21(DE3-pET-cbaA) resting cells could transform 0.2 mM CDHB into 2A5CP. The mutant strain DL-8⌬cbaA lost the ability to degrade CDHB but retained the ability to degrade 2A5CP, consistent with strain DL-8. These results indicated that cbaA was the key gene responsible for CDHB degradation by strain DL-8. IMPORTANCE2-Benzoxazolinone (BOA) derivatives are widely used as synthetic intermediates and are also an important group of allelochemicals acting in response to tissue damage or pathogen attack in gramineous plants. However, the degradation mechanism of BOA derivatives by microorganisms is not clear. In the present study, we reported the identification of CbaA and metabolic pathway responsible for the degradation of CDHB in Pigmentiphaga sp. DL-8. This will provide microorganism and gene resources for the bioremediation of the environmental pollution caused by BOA derivatives. 6-Chloro-2-benzoxazolinone (CDHB) is the precursor of fenoxaprop-p-ethyl (FE) and metamifop synthesis (1). FE is a postemergence aryloxyphenoxy propionate (AOPP) herbicide that is used to control annual and perennial weeds in crops, such as soybean, turf, and wheat (2, 3). Many studies have demonstrated that FE can be hydrolyzed to fenoxaprop acid (FA) and further transformed into CDHB and 2-(4-hydroxyphenoxy)-propionic acid (HPP) by soil microorganisms (4-6). Recently, the hydrolysis of FE to FA by several esterases from different microorganisms has been reported (7-9). However, the underlying genes and the metabolic pathway responsible for the degradation of CDHB in microorganisms are unknown.CDHB is a type of 2-benzoxazolinone (BOA) derivative. BOA is widely used as a synthetic intermediate of related derivatives and is an important group of allelochemicals that respond to tissue damage or pathogen attack in gramineous plants, s...

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Isolation and characterization of allelochemicals in rye herbage

Cited by 145 publications

References 32 publications

Potencial alelopático de espécies de Pteridaceae (Pteridophyta)

Potencial alelopático de espécies de Pteridaceae (Pteridophyta)

Interactions between allelochemicals and the microbial community affect weed suppression following cover crop residue incorporation into soil

Metabolic Pathway Involved in 6-Chloro-2-Benzoxazolinone Degradation by Pigmentiphaga sp. Strain DL-8 and Identification of the Novel Metal-Dependent Hydrolase CbaA

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