Isolation and Characteristics of Bacteriophages for Staphylococci of Bovine Mastitis

Slanetz, L. W.; Jawetz, Ernest

doi:10.1128/jb.41.4.447-455.1941

Cited by 7 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 5 publications

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“…Bacteriophage can be used in animal husbandry as an additive therapy besides of infection management of antibiotic-resistant Staphylococcus spp. Slanetz and Jawetz [ 25 ] showed the presence of lytic staphylococcal bacteriophages from mastitic cow milks but suggested that these phages were not freely in milk, always linked to some particles. Gill et al .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The role of staphylococci in subclinical mastitis of cows and lytic phage isolation against to Staphylococcus aureus

Sağlam¹,

Şahin²,

Çelik³

et al. 2017

Vet World

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Aim:This study was conducted to determine the role of Staphylococcus in the formation of subclinical mastitis in cows and to isolate the phage against isolated Staphylococcus aureus strains.Materials and Methods:In this study, 400 milk cows were screened by California Mastitis Test (CMT) for subclinical mastitis and 235 udders of 96 cows, which were determined to be positive, were evaluated for Staphylococcus. Milk samples were evaluated using conventional and molecular methods. In addition, phage isolation studies were performed against S. aureus strains causing mastitis.Results:At the result of cultural examination, of 235 milk samples that were found as positive for mastitis by CMT, a total of 117 (49.7%) Staphylococcus spp. were isolated as a distribution of 74 (63.24%) coagulase-positive staphylococci and 43 (36.75%) coagulase-negative staphylococci. Of these isolates, 76 (64.95%) were characterized as S. aureus both conventional and molecular techniques. Lytic bacteriophages against two S. aureus strains which were isolated from mastitic milk samples were obtained from wastewater samples.Conclusion:The results of this study show that a significant portion of subclinical mastitis was formed by staphylococci. In addition, phage isolation against S. aureus strains isolated can be considered as one of the steps to be applied in the prophylaxis and treatment of such infections.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The role of staphylococci in subclinical mastitis of cows and lytic phage isolation against to Staphylococcus aureus

Sağlam¹,

Şahin²,

Çelik³

et al. 2017

Vet World

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“…Most of the work has focused on screening raw milk samples obtained from a confirmed mastitis cattle, either directly after centrifuging and filtering of samples or via enrichment procedures to amplify and isolate phages [ 28 , 34 ]. Phages have been reported to actively bind to, lyse and amplify in milk constituents, and huge successes of phage isolation for S. aureus , S. agalactiae and S. arlettae have been recorded from this source through this method [ 7 , 28 , 29 , 34 , 40 , 41 , 46 , 49 , 63 ]. However, in one instance, no phage was isolated from the milk samples examined [ 48 ].…”

Section: The Case For Phage Therapy To Control Bovine Mastitismentioning

confidence: 99%

Bacteriophage Therapy to Control Bovine Mastitis: A Review

Nale

McEwan

2023

Antibiotics

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Bovine mastitis is a polymicrobial disease characterised by inflammation of the udders of dairy and beef cattle. The infection has huge implications to health and welfare of animals, impacting milk and beef production and costing up to EUR 32 billion annually to the dairy industry, globally. Bacterial communities associated with the disease include representative species from Staphylococcus, Streptococcus, Enterococcus, Actinomyces, Aerococcus, Escherichia, Klebsiella and Proteus. Conventional treatment relies on antibiotics, but antimicrobial resistance, declining antibiotic innovations and biofilm production negatively impact therapeutic efficacy. Bacteriophages (phages) are viruses which effectively target and lyse bacteria with extreme specificity and can be a valuable supplement or replacement to antibiotics for bovine mastitis. In this review, we provide an overview of the etiology of bovine mastitis, the advantages of phage therapy over chemical antibiotics for the strains and research work conducted in the area in various model systems to support phage deployment in the dairy industry. We emphasise work on phage isolation procedures from samples obtained from mastitic and non-mastitic sources, characterisation and efficacy testing of single and multiple phages as standalone treatments or adjuncts to probiotics in various in vitro, ex vivo and in vivo bovine mastitis infection models. Furthermore, we highlight the areas where improvements can be made with focus on phage cocktail optimisation, formulation, and genetic engineering to improve delivery, stability, efficacy, and safety in cattle. Phage therapy is becoming more attractive in clinical medicine and agriculture and thus, could mitigate the impending catastrophe of antimicrobial resistance in the dairy sector.

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“…Phage typing of staphylococci from all the above-mentioned dairy sources has been reported (* Slanetz and Jawetz, 1941;Macdonald, 1946;*Smith, 1948a, b;Hauge, 1951Hauge, , 1952McLean, 1951;Price et nl., 1954;Asso, 1956;Barnum and Fuller, 1956;Rountree et al, 1956;Edwards and Rippon, 1957;*Nakagawa, 1958, l%Oa, b, c;*Seto and Wilson, 1958;*Coles and Eisenstark, 1959a, b,c;Hoffmann, 1959;Loken, 1959;*Malik and Singh, 1959;1960a, b;Mondini .and Dovadola, 1959;Mora and Cavrini, 1959;Papavassiliou and Obiger, 1959;Reid and Wilson, 1959;Hauslcr et al, 1960;Mondini and Gasparini, 1960a, b ;*Takagaki, 1960 ;Thorne and Wallmark, 1960;Clark et al, 1961;*Davidson, 1961a, b, c;Fratta et al, 1961 ;White and McDonald, 1961 ;McPhillips and Cunningham, 1962;St. George et al, 1962;*Slanetz and Bartlett, 1962).…”

Section: Strains Lysed By Phages Of Group IV [42d Arementioning

confidence: 99%

Staphylococci in Food and Food Intoxication A Review and an Appraisal of Phage Typing Results

Munch-Petersen

1963

Journal of Food Science

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SUMMARY A review has been made of published information on the phage groups and types of staphylococci concerned in food‐borne intoxication. It revealed that the majority belonged to phage group III with the types 6 and 47, either alone or, with others, being the most common. In Great Britain the yearly incidence of food‐borne intoxication, from 1950 to 1962, due to strains of phage group III ranged from 64.5 to 94.7%. In food handlers incriminated in outbreaks the nose was the most common focus of infection, and the hand came next. Meat and milk were the foods most commonly incriminated. Group III phages lysed 64.3% of strains found in meat and 58.1% of those in milk. Group IV phage lysed nine times as many milk‐borne as meat‐borne strains, which were also quite common in milk taken direct from cows, with and without mastitis or abnormal secretion. The meager data on staphylococcal contamination of “wholesome” food, meat, milk and fish, were tabulated. A high proportion of these strains were untypable, but one‐fourth to one‐third of the strains were lysed by phages of Group III. The results of phage typing of staphylococci from milk, dairy workers, market milk and dairy products were summarized. Phages obtained from strains of human and animal origin have been used for typing purposes. Of the phages in the “international set” obtained from staphylococci of human origin, 42D, Group IV, lysed more strains than any other phage. A set of phages of bovine origin has not yet been internationally recognized. About two‐thirds of the strains obtained from bovine mastitis but three‐fourths of strains front normal milk were lysed by the typing phages employed. Group III phages lysed two‐and‐one‐half times as many strains from normal as from mastitis secretion. Cheese, butter, butter‐milk, skim milk, cream, ice cream, kefir, and dried and condensed milk have yielded staphylococci lysed mainly by phages of Groups III and IV. Dairy workers, veterinary surgeons, and farmers have yielded strains similarly lysed. Some of the people in these groups as well as the animals they tended have suffered clinical disease processes, due to strains with identical phage reactions. Phage‐typable strains have been found in the noses of cattle, in dogs, pigs and chickens; their human attendants have, in some cases, carried identical strains. The proportion of staphylococci, lysed by the 52/52A/80/81 complex of phages has shown a twofold increase in hospitalized human patients and a two‐and‐one‐half increase in animals in the last few years. Staphylococci lysed by this complex are regarded as particularly invasive in and pathogenie for man. No comparison has appeared on the frequency distribution of staphylococci among the phage groups from food‐borne intoxication and food handlers. A comparison was therefore made of such reported strains from: i) food causing intoxication; ii) the nose; iii) the feces; and iv) superficial lesions of apparently healthy persons. The main features were: a) the low proportion of strains lysed by phages of Group 11...

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Isolation and Characteristics of Bacteriophages for Staphylococci of Bovine Mastitis

Cited by 7 publications

References 5 publications

The role of staphylococci in subclinical mastitis of cows and lytic phage isolation against to Staphylococcus aureus

The role of staphylococci in subclinical mastitis of cows and lytic phage isolation against to Staphylococcus aureus

Bacteriophage Therapy to Control Bovine Mastitis: A Review

Staphylococci in Food and Food Intoxication A Review and an Appraisal of Phage Typing Results

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