Isolation and Characteristics of a Ureolytic Strain of Selenomonas ruminantium

John, Anita; Isaacson, H.R.; Bryant, M. P.

doi:10.3168/jds.s0022-0302(74)85001-0

Cited by 69 publications

(49 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…ruminantiurn is one of the most common rumen bacteria, ureolytic strains have not previously been reported and were not isolated from the present enrichment cultures. Urease activity in the isolate of John et al (1974) was inhibited by ammonia and the specific activity was 50 to 55 nmol NH,/minfmg protein. In the same units the specific activity of the S. faecium, grown in medium C with 0.5 % yeast extract, was 70000.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 96%

“…Since the streptococcus cannot utilize urea as a nitrogen source, urea would not be expected to affect rumen ureolytic activity. Nor would Bryant (1974) recently isolated a ureolytic strain of Selenomonas ruminantium from the rumen of a steer. This bacterium was present in similar numbers to the S. faecium in the sheep rumen (about 107/ml) although isolation was erratic.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Urease Activity in the Rumen of Sheep and the Isolation of Ureolytic Bacteria

Cook¹

1976

Journal of General Microbiology

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S U M M A R YUrease activity in the sheep rumen varied with the diet of the sheep, but appeared to be largely or entirely present in the small bacterial fraction. Screening of over 1000 strains of rumen bacteria isolated on different media showed that urease activity was apparently confined to species of Staphylococcus, Lactobacillus casei var. casei and KZebsieZZa aerogenes. Consideration of the numbers in which these occurred and their activities suggested that the bacteria could not be responsible for the total rumen urease activity. By enrichment culture a ureolytic strain of Streptoc o c m faecium was isolated. This had a higher urease activity than the other bacteria and occurred in higher numbers in the rumen. It could live with other bacteria in the rumen of a gnotobiotic lamb in numbers, and with a urease activity, comparable with those in the normal sheep rumen. The other properties of the bacterium also suggested that it would grow and produce urease in the rumen, but was unlikely to retain its urease activity after isolation. It was concluded that this bacterium was the main source of rumen urease in roughage-fed, and probably other, sheep.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 96%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Urease Activity in the Rumen of Sheep and the Isolation of Ureolytic Bacteria

Cook¹

1976

Journal of General Microbiology

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“…Precisely which bacterial species are most important in the hydrolysis of urea in vivo is not known, but the issue has provoked interesting speculation and discussion, which can be read in more detail elsewhere (Jones, 1967;John et al, 1974;Wozny et al, 1977;. Some studies found strictly anaerobic bacteria which hydrolysed urea to be elusive (Jones et al, 1964;, but isolates from the genera Lactobacillus, Peptostreptococcus, Propionibacterium, Bacteroides, Ruminococcus, Butyrivibrio.…”

Section: Breakdown Of Ureamentioning

confidence: 99%

The Rumen Microbial Ecosystem

Hobson¹,

Stewart²

1997

347

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“…The isoacid treatment also showed 25% more 523 concentration in the rumen to decrease. On the contrary, ammonia, the product of urease activity, has been reported to inhibit urease activity of some anaerobic bacteria [24,36] and there is evidence that another enzyme, glutamine synthetase, can regulate the production of urease in Selenomonas ruminantium [59] because this enzyme is involved in NH 3 uptake for bacterial protein synthesis. The activities of both these enzymes could be increased many-fold when ammonia is limiting.…”

Section: Estimation Of Microbial Growthmentioning

confidence: 99%

Correlation between microbial enzyme activities in the rumen fluid of sheep under different treatments

Moharrery

Das

2001

Reprod. Nutr. Dev.

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-Five total mixed rations prepared from finger millet (Eleusine Coracana) straw as a roughage (48%) and mixed concentrate (52%), supplemented with a 1% isoacid mixture (i-C 4 , i-C 5 , C 5 and phenylacetic acid in equal proportions) or oil (groundnut oil, 5% more than the control) or urea (5% more nitrogen than the control), and protein (groundnut cake, 5% more nitrogen than the control) were given in a Latin square experiment to sheep. Enzymatic activities were estimated for urease, cellulase, protease, amylase, and lipase in various fractions of rumen fluid on the one hand and rumen microbial biomass on the other hand. Rumen samples were taken 3-4 hours after feeding and mixed rumen bacteria were separated as a strained rumen fluid without protozoa (SRFWP), cell free rumen fluid (CFRF) and enzymes associated with the bacteria cell (EABC). Samples of SRFWP and EABC contained higher enzyme activities than CFRF. Depending on the type of enzymes in each fraction, some significant coefficient of determination (r 2 ) was seen. These values showed very close cooperative action between proteolytic and amylolytic enzymes under the experimental conditions, or perhaps the presence of some species of bacteria with both activities. Lipolytic bacteria are completely specialized for lipase production only (P < 0.05). The results showed oil, isoacid and crude protein enhanced microbial production (P < 0.05) and this can change the pattern of enzymes in the rumen of sheep.isoacid / urease / cellulase / protease / amylase / lipase / sheep / rumen Reprod. Nutr. Dev. 41 (2001) 513-529 513

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Isolation and Characteristics of a Ureolytic Strain of Selenomonas ruminantium

Cited by 69 publications

References 25 publications

Urease Activity in the Rumen of Sheep and the Isolation of Ureolytic Bacteria

Urease Activity in the Rumen of Sheep and the Isolation of Ureolytic Bacteria

The Rumen Microbial Ecosystem

Correlation between microbial enzyme activities in the rumen fluid of sheep under different treatments

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