Isolation and antimicrobial susceptibility profile of Shigella and Salmonella species from children with acute diarrhoea in Mekelle Hospital and Semen Health Center, Ethiopia

Abstract

BackgroundSalmonella and Shigella remain the major contributors to acute enteric infections and diarrhoea. Hence, the objective of this study was to isolate and determine the antimicrobial susceptibility pattern of Shigella and Salmonella species from children with acute diarrhoea in Mekelle Hospital and Semen Health Center.MethodsA cross sectional study was conducted among 260 children with acute diarrhoea from November 2011 to March 2012 in Mekelle, Ethiopia. Stool specimen was collected from all study participants who presented with acute diarrhoea. Microscopy, culture and confirmatory identification were done by the pattern of biochemical reactions using a standard bacterial identification system (API 20E, BioMerieux, Marcy-l'Etoile, France) and polyvalent (Poly O and H) antiseras for Salmonella species and Vi for S.typhi. Isolated colonies were assessed for antimicrobial susceptibility profile using disk diffusion method. Data was entered and analyzed using SPSS version 16.0 software.ResultsOut of the 260 study participants, 145(55.8%) were males while 115(44.2%) were females. The majority of the patients (44.2%) were of children under five years old. A total of 120 enteropathogens were isolated. The frequency of isolation was 19(7.3%), 18(6.9%) and 83(31.9%) for Salmonella species, Shigella species and intestinal parasites respectively. Most of the Shigella isolates were resistant to ampicillin (88.9%), Tetracycline (77.8), cotrimoxazole (55.6%) and chloramphenicol (55.6%). Among the Salmonella isolates, the highest resistance was observed to ampicillin (89.5%), Tetracycline (89.5%), chloramphenicol (78.9%) and cotrimoxazole (57.9%). Multi-drug resistance was noted in 19(100%) and 16(88.9%) of Salmonella and Shigella species respectively.ConclusionsShigella and Salmonella are still challenging pathogens in children < 5 years of age. High antibiotic resistance was observed among both isolates to ampicillin, tetracycline, chloramphenicol and cotrimoxazole.

The burden of Shigella and Salmonella, Antibiotics Susceptibility Pattern and Associated Risk Factors among Diarrheic Children visited Alamura Health Center Southern Ethiopia: a cross-sectional study

“…Our study revealed that the highest rates of antibiotic resistance of Shigella apps were against Ampicillin 81.8% which is comparable with the study reported from a different area of Ethiopia 70.1% from Jimma (33), 79.9% Gonder (49), 86.7% (25), and 88.9% from Mekelle (50). Our study also showed relatively low resistance compared to ndings from Nigeria 90.5% (51), Harar 100% (41), Jimma 100% (39), Hawassa 93% (34).…”

Prevalence of Shigella species and its drug resistance pattern in Ethiopia: a systematic review and meta-analysis

“…Cross sectional study design was used in all studies. The study population varied from 24 to 1200, and were conducted between the years 1999–2018 [ 15 – 43 ] (Table 1 ). All studies utilized stool specimens for diagnosis of Shigella species (Table 1 ).…”

Aetiologies of Acute Gastroenteritis in Hospitalized Children

“…In a study by Natarajan M et al [14] observed that DEC is a potential diarrhoeal agent compared to other enteric bacterial pathogens in both children and adults. In other study by Gebreegziabher G et al the overall prevalence of Salmonella species was 7.3% and 6.9% Shigella species were isolated from children with diarrhoea [15] . Rotaviral infections found in our study was 23.08% it was 19 % in a study by Ghssein G et al [16] .…”