Isolates of Theileria annulata collected from different parts of India show phenotypic and genetic diversity

Manuja, Anju; Malhotra, D.V.; Sikka, Virendra K.; Sangwan, A. K.; Sharma, R.; Kumar, B.; Mehta, B. D.; Gulati, Baldev R.; Nichani, Anil

doi:10.1016/j.vetpar.2006.01.021

Cited by 22 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 28 publications

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“…Nodular lesions, as identified by immunohistochemistry, were mainly formed by T lymphocytes and macrophages, 25 to 50% of which were infected with T. annulata . The labeling obtained with the monoclonal antibodies to T. annulata was in agreement with other reports [9,15,22,36,37]. The presence of high numbers of T cells in the lymph nodes also showed that such cells were proliferating significantly, but not infiltrating classical target organs such as the spleen and liver as observed in cases of lymphoma [9,40].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

Fatal cases of Theileria annulata infection in calves in Portugal associated with neoplastic-like lymphoid cell proliferation

Branco

Orvalho²,

Leitão

et al. 2010

J Vet Sci

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This study was carried out to investigate fifteen cases of acute lethal infection of calves (≤ 4 months of age) by the protozoan parasite Theileria (T.) annulata in the south of Portugal. Calves developed multifocal to coalescent nodular skin lesions, similar to multicentric malignant lymphoma. Infestation with ticks (genus Hyalomma) was intense. Theileria was seen in blood and lymph node smears, and T. annulata infection was confirmed by isolation of schizont-transformed cells and sequencing of hypervariable region 4 of the 18S rRNA gene. At necropsy, hemorrhagic nodules or nodules with a hemorrhagic halo were seen, particularly in the skin, subcutaneous tissue, skeletal and cardiac muscles, pharynx, trachea and intestinal serosa. Histologically, nodules were formed by large, round, lymphoblastoid neoplastic-like cells. Immunohistochemistry (IHC) identified these cells as mostly CD3 positive T lymphocytes and MAC387 positive macrophages. A marker for B lymphocytes (CD79αcy) labeled very few cells. T. annulata infected cells in these nodules were also identified by IHC through the use of two monoclonal antibodies (1C7 and 1C12) which are diagnostic for the parasite. It was concluded that the pathological changes observed in the different organs and tissues were caused by proliferation of schizont-infected macrophages, which subsequently stimulate a severe uncontrolled proliferation of uninfected T lymphocytes.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

Fatal cases of Theileria annulata infection in calves in Portugal associated with neoplastic-like lymphoid cell proliferation

Branco

Orvalho²,

Leitão

et al. 2010

J Vet Sci

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“…Reported diversity studies of T. annulata strains had considered the complete gene sequence or only the hypervariable region, V4 (~200 bp) of the 18S rRNA gene [ 9 , 10 , 12 – 15 , 25 ]. In the current study, novel SNPs were found in all fourteen strains in the conserved as well as the hypervariable region indicating presence of new genotypes of T. annulata strain from India.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In addition to that, studies investigating the genotypic diversity among T. annulata parasites from India are scarce [ 10 , 11 ]. The role of 18S rRNA gene in Theileria genetic diversity studies holds importance due to the presence of a conserved and a hypervariable region (V4) which are well studied and crucial for determining evolutionary patterns and similarity among the Theileria species [ 12 , 13 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Molecular and Phylogenetic analysis revealed new genotypes of Theileria annulata parasites from India

et al. 2015

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BackgroundTick borne diseases impinge cattle worldwide causing mortality and resulting in huge economic losses. Theileriosis is one of the important tick borne diseases mainly caused by Theileria annulata and one of the commonly occurring infections among the livestock. T. annulata causes immense loss to the livestock industry and therefore, efficacious eradication and control strategies are needed for the control of the disease. Genetic diversity among T. annulata parasites is another important aspect which is overlooked in India. Thus, the present study aims to evaluate the prevalence along with genetic diversity and phylogeny of the prevailing T. annulata population of India.MethodsGenomic DNA was extracted from cattle blood samples (n = 862) from different regions of Andhra Pradesh. Molecular diagnosis using T. annulata 18S rRNA based PCR was performed to detect parasites in cattle. Further, 18S rRNA gene was cloned and sequenced to determine similarity and diversity from the known T. annulata sequences.ResultsWe observed an overall prevalence rate of 32.40 % T. annulata infection in Andhra Pradesh based on PCR assay. The sequence analysis revealed novel genotypes among the T. annulata strains from India. Thirteen strains showed closed proximity with a strain from China whereas one Indian strain showed similarity with a South African strain [Theileria sp (buffalo)] based on phylogenetic analysis. Nucleotide heterogeneity of the 18S rRNA sequence among the strains examined varied from 0.1 to 8.6 % when compared with the published strains.ConclusionThe present study provides us with the molecular prevalence of theileriosis, and will support the accomplishment of actions or in design of strategy to control theileriosis transmission to cattle. Additionally, it highlights the emergence of strains with novel genotypes from India.

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“…The genetic diversity of T. annulata parasites using microsatellite marker have been reported previously from various countries like Oman (Al-Hamidhi et al, 2015), Sudan, Tunisia, Turkey, (Weir et al, 2007, 2011) Portugal (Gomes et al, 2016), and China (Yin et al, 2018). However, the parasite diversity studies from India are very scarce; the few available reports are based on IFA and PCR using 18S rRNA and tams1 genes (Manuja et al, 2006; Wang et al, 2014; George et al, 2015). With significant advancement in the field of genomics and genotyping and with the availability of the T. annulata whole genome sequence, the likelihoods of genotype-based population genetic studies are open.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Genetic Profiling Reveals High Allelic Diversity, Heterozygosity and Antigenic Diversity in the Clinical Isolates of the Theileria annulata From India

et al. 2019

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Tropical theileriosis caused by Theileria annulata infection is a significant livestock disease affecting cattle health and productivity resulting in substantial monetary losses in several countries. Despite the use of an effective vaccine for disease control still, a high incidence of infection is reported from India. One of the many reasons behind the ineffective disease control can be the existence of genetically diverse T. annulata parasite population in India. Therefore, studies focusing on understanding the genotypes are warranted. In this study, we have performed a genetic analysis of the Indian T. annulata field cell lines and the vaccine line using microsatellite markers, Genotyping based sequencing (GBS) and tams1 gene polymorphism. The degree of allelic diversity and multiplicity of the infection was determined to be high in the Indian population. No geographical sub-structuring and linkage disequilibrium were observed in the population. High population diversity was found which were similar with countries like Oman, Tunisia, and Turkey in contrast to Portugal and China. The presence of multiple genotypes as determined by microsatellite marker genotyping, GBS analysis and tams1 gene polymorphism point toward a panmictic parasite population in India. These findings are the first report from India which would help in understanding the evolution and diversity of the T. annulata population in the country and can help in designing more effective strategies for controlling the disease.

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Isolates of Theileria annulata collected from different parts of India show phenotypic and genetic diversity

Cited by 22 publications

References 28 publications

Fatal cases of Theileria annulata infection in calves in Portugal associated with neoplastic-like lymphoid cell proliferation

Fatal cases of Theileria annulata infection in calves in Portugal associated with neoplastic-like lymphoid cell proliferation

Molecular and Phylogenetic analysis revealed new genotypes of Theileria annulata parasites from India

Genetic Profiling Reveals High Allelic Diversity, Heterozygosity and Antigenic Diversity in the Clinical Isolates of the Theileria annulata From India

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