Isolated Peak of Oxygen Ion Fraction in the Post‐Noon Equatorial F‐Region: ICON and SAMI3/WACCM‐X

Park, Jaeheung; Huba, J. D.; Heelis, R. A.; Englert, Christoph

doi:10.1029/2021ja029217

Cited by 5 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 39 publications

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“…Besides, latitude dependence of ∂T p /∂z , if any, may explain why midlatitude [O + ] is significantly lower than low‐latitude [O + ] in our Figure 12, which is different from the ICON data in Park et al. (2021).…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 94%

“…Dark red regions in Figure 9 suggest effective ion mass is higher than 16 (i.e., unrealistically high), whose origin will be discussed later. 12, which is different from the ICON data in Park et al (2021).…”

Section: Effective Ion Masscontrasting

confidence: 58%

“…The difference between [O + ] in Figure 12 (indirectly derived from Swarm OSEC, N e , and T p data) and direct observations of [O + ] by ICON (Park et al., 2021) reflects limitations of our methodology. First, the simplifying assumptions behind Equation can overestimate m eff or [O + ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 83%

“…Then, how can we reconcile the equatorial dip of [O + ] in Figure 12 with ICON observations of [O + ] (Park et al., 2021)? The discrepancy may originate from the near‐horizontal magnetic field at low latitudes, which can support plasma parcels against the gravity.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 90%

“…Around Swarm altitudes (∼500 km), the term, ν in W D (roughly 10 −3 Hz × 100 m/s ≈ 0.1 m/s 2 ; see Ma et al (2015) and Park et al (2021), e.g.,) is only about 1% of the gravity term, g (∼8.3 m/s 2 ): hence, ν in W D can be safely neglected. We make further simplifying assumptions that (a) α represents VSH (i.e., exponentially decaying ionosphere), and (b) the temperature gradient term (∂T p /∂z) can be neglected.…”

Section: Effective Ion Massmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Ratio Between Over‐Satellite Electron Content and Plasma Density Measured by Swarm: A Proxy for Topside Scale Height

Park

2022

JGR Space Physics

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Introduction In-Situ Plasma Density and Over-Satellite Electron ContentIn-situ plasma density (or electron density; N e ) and over-satellite electron contents (OSEC;Stankov et al., 2005), which is plasma density line-integrated between the observing spacecraft (S/C) and the Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS), have been basic parameters in space-based diagnoses of ionospheric plasma. Sometimes, one data set was used in the absence of the other (e.g., Lei et al., 2015;Mannucci et al., 2005). When OSEC and N e are used simultaneously, the one often played a simple role of confirming reliability of the other: see Noja et al. (2013, Figure 8) and Zakharenkova et al. (2016) for ionospheric irregularities, and Cherniak and Zakharenkova (2018) for eclipse-induced ionospheric changes.Strictly speaking, the two data sets are not mutually redundant. N e is in-situ plasma density while OSEC contains information on the ionospheric density both at and above the S/C. Now that N e cannot be fully replaced by OSEC (and vice versa) in spite of their similarity, we may extract additional information out of their combination. For example, the ratio of OSEC and N e (hereafter, OSEC-to-N e ratio or α), which has a dimension of length, can give us simple but useful constraints on the vertical profile of the ionosphere above an S/C. Figure 1a depicts a highly

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 94%

Section: Effective Ion Masscontrasting

confidence: 58%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 83%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 90%

Section: Effective Ion Massmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Ratio Between Over‐Satellite Electron Content and Plasma Density Measured by Swarm: A Proxy for Topside Scale Height

Park

2022

JGR Space Physics

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Vertical Wave Coupling in the Low-Latitude Ionosphere-Thermosphere as Revealed by Concurrent ICON and COSMIC-2 Observations

Gasperini¹,

Crowley²,

Immel

et al. 2022

Space Sci Rev

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The Ionospheric Connection Explorer - Prime Mission Review

et al. 2023

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The two-year prime mission of the NASA Ionospheric Connection Explorer (ICON) is complete. The baseline operational and scientific objectives have been met and exceeded, as detailed in this report. In October of 2019, ICON was launched into an orbit that provides its instruments the capability to deliver near-continuous measurements of the densest plasma in Earth’s space environment. Through collection of a key set of in-situ and remote sensing measurements that are, by virtue of a detailed mission design, uniquely synergistic, ICON enables completely new investigations of the mechanisms that control the behavior of the ionosphere-thermosphere system under both geomagnetically quiet and active conditions. In a two-year period that included a deep solar minimum, ICON has elucidated a number of remarkable effects in the ionosphere attributable to energetic inputs from the lower and middle atmosphere, and shown how these are transmitted from the edge of space to the peak of plasma density above. The observatory operated in a period of low activity for 2 years and then for a year with increasing solar activity, observing the changing balance of the impacts of lower and upper atmospheric drivers on the ionosphere.

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Isolated Peak of Oxygen Ion Fraction in the Post‐Noon Equatorial F‐Region: ICON and SAMI3/WACCM‐X

Cited by 5 publications

References 39 publications

Ratio Between Over‐Satellite Electron Content and Plasma Density Measured by Swarm: A Proxy for Topside Scale Height

Ratio Between Over‐Satellite Electron Content and Plasma Density Measured by Swarm: A Proxy for Topside Scale Height

Vertical Wave Coupling in the Low-Latitude Ionosphere-Thermosphere as Revealed by Concurrent ICON and COSMIC-2 Observations

The Ionospheric Connection Explorer - Prime Mission Review

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