Objective
Isolated Iliac artery aneurysms are rare, but potentially fatal. The impact of recent trends in the utilization of endovascular iliac aneurysm repair (EVIR) on isolated iliac artery aneurysm-associated mortality is unknown.
Methods
We identified all patients with a primary diagnosis of iliac artery aneurysm in the NIS from 1988 to 2011. We examined trends in management (open vs. EVIR, elective and urgent) and overall isolated iliac artery aneurysm related deaths (with or without repair). We compared in-hospital mortality and complications for the subgroup of patients undergoing elective open and EVIR from 2000-2011.
Results
We identified 33,161 patients undergoing isolated iliac artery aneurysm repair from 1988-2011: of which there were 9,016 EVIR and 4,933 open elective repairs from 2000-2011. Total repairs increased after introduction of EVIR from 28 to 71 per 10M US population (P<.001). EVIR surpassed open repair in 2003. Total isolated iliac artery aneurysm-related deaths, due to rupture or elective repair, decreased after the introduction of EVIR (4.4 to 2.3 per 10M US population, P<.001). However, urgent admissions have not decreased over this time period (15 to 15 procedures per 10M US population, P=0.30). Among elective repairs after 2000, EVIR patients were older (72.4 vs. 69.4 years, P=0.002) and were more likely to have a history of prior MI (14.0% vs. 11.3%, P<.001) and renal failure (7.2% vs. 3.6%, P<.001). Open repair had significantly higher in-hospital mortality (1.8% vs. 0.5%, P<0.001) and complications (17.9% vs. 6.7%, P<0.001), and a longer length of stay (6.7 vs. 2.3 days, P<0.001).
Conclusions
Treatment of isolated iliac artery aneurysm has increased since the introduction of EVIR and is associated with lower perioperative mortality, despite a higher burden of comorbid illness. Decreasing iliac artery aneurysm-attributable in-hospital deaths are likely related primarily to lower elective mortality with EVIR rather than rupture prevention.