Isolated Heart Preparations, Problems, and Pitfalls

Gross, David R.

doi:10.1007/978-0-387-95962-7_6

Cited by 3 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 59 publications

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“…Coronary flow (ml·min Ϫ1 ·g heart wt Ϫ1 ) was calculated as the difference between left atrial inflow and aortic outflow (9). Coronary flow above the physiological range is normal for the working heart model, as asanguinous perfusion fluids do not have the same oxygen carrying capacity as blood and can only provide sufficient oxygen if the coronary flow rates are several times the physiological norm (9,10,35). Consequently, coronary flow during changes in preload or afterload has been expressed as a percentage of the baseline values (17,36).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Left ventricular output and aortic blood flow in response to changes in preload and afterload in the preterm piglet heart

Eiby

Lumbers

Headrick

et al. 2012

American Journal of Physiology-Regulatory, Integrative and Comp

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Low systemic blood flow occurs in up to 30% of infants born at less than 30 wk gestation. It is associated with increased morbidity and mortality, and current treatments are ineffective in 40% of cases. The aim of this study was to assess the ability of the preterm heart to respond to the acute shifts in preload and afterload that occur at the time of birth. Myocardial and coronary vascular function was assessed using an isolated working heart model in term (115 days) and preterm (92 days) piglets. Cardiac output/kg body wt in preterm hearts was ∼50% lower than that of term hearts (P = 0.001). Pressure development was similar in term and preterm hearts. Elevations in preload increased cardiac output and aortic flow similarly in term and preterm hearts, demonstrating significant preload "reserve". By contrast, elevations in afterload markedly depressed aortic flow, with a greater proportion of cardiac output being distributed to coronary flow in preterm hearts at high afterloads. The demands of increased workload were associated with greater increases in coronary flow in preterm hearts compared with term hearts. In preterm hearts, exposure to maternal glucocorticoids resulted in increased aortic flow when afterload was below 25 mmHg. These data suggest the preterm heart lacks the functional capacity to acutely adapt to postnatal afterload. To maximize systemic blood flow in preterm infants, treatments limiting afterload, while harnessing significant preload reserve, should be further explored.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Left ventricular output and aortic blood flow in response to changes in preload and afterload in the preterm piglet heart

Eiby

Lumbers

Headrick

et al. 2012

American Journal of Physiology-Regulatory, Integrative and Comp

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“…In a typical Langendorff preparation, the heart loses its functionality or becomes edematous at a rate of about 5-20% per hour. [12], [13] According to our results, normal systolic stiffness showed a 9% decrease and for diastolic stiffness it showed 11% increase. While during half-normal perfusion, diastolic stiffness increased and systolic stiffness decreased by 11% and 20% respectively.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 66%

The effect of acute coronary perfusion change on cardiac function measured by Shear Wave Elasticity Imaging

Vejdani‐Jahromi

Kiplagat

Trahey

et al. 2014

2014 36th Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society

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The possibility of measuring cardiac function noninvasively has generated wide interest in elastography imaging techniques. Shear Wave Elasticity Imaging (SWEI) is an ultrasound-based elastography technique used to measure stiffness of tissues. While this technique has been studied extensively in static homogenous tissues such as liver, breast or prostate, there is still a significant need to study its capabilities to measure cardiac stiffness and function. In this research, we have studied the potential of SWEI to evaluate the coronary perfusion pressure effect on systolic and diastolic stiffness referred to as elastance and compliance of the heart. Five isolated rabbit hearts were used in this study in a Langendorff preparation. SWEI measurements of stiffness were recorded in two steps. In the first step, coronary perfusion was set to normal and then was reduced to half-normal. After 40 minutes of half-normal perfusion, it was returned to normal perfusion for the second step. SWEI velocity decreased from 6.003 m/s to 4.713 m/s in systole and from 1.948 m/s to 1.507 m/s in diastole in the first step. During the second step raising the perfusion to normal, SWEI stiffness showed an increase from 3.760 m/s to 5.468 m/s in systole and from 1.678 m/s to 2.156 m/s during diastole. Our results show that SWEI measurements of stiffness can characterize the cross talk between coronary perfusion and cardiac stiffness and also has the potential to measure compliance and elastance of the heart in systole and diastole.

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“…Another possibility is over digestion of the heart. Prolonged exposure to collagenase reduces myocyte calcium-tolerance 2 . During dissociation and calcium reintroduction, it is also important to handle the cardiomyocytes as gently as possible to maintain myocyte viability.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Additionally, the frequent use of genetically modified mice has necessitated effective methods of cardiomyocyte isolation. Pure culture allows for conditions free from interaction with other organs and the systemic circulation, such as through endogenous neurohormonal and hormone-like factors 2,3 . However, successful isolation of cardiomyocytes can be challenging.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Isolation and Culture of Adult Mouse Cardiomyocytes for Cell Signaling and <em>in vitro</em> Cardiac Hypertrophy

Bai

et al. 2014

JoVE

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Technological advances have made genetically modified mice, including transgenic and gene knockout mice, an essential tool in many research fields. Adult cardiomyocytes are widely accepted as a good model for cardiac cellular physiology and pathophysiology, as well as for pharmaceutical intervention. Genetically modified mice preclude the need for complicated cardiomyocyte infection processes to generate the desired genotype, which are inefficient due to cardiomyocytes' terminal differentiation. Isolation and culture of high quantity and quality functional cardiomyocytes will dramatically benefit cardiovascular research and provide an important tool for cell signaling transduction research and drug development. Here, we describe a well-established method for isolation of adult mouse cardiomyocytes that can be implemented with little training. The mouse heart is excised and cannulated to an isolated heart system, then perfused with a calcium-free and high potassium buffer followed by type II collagenase digestion in Langendorff retrograde perfusion mode. This protocol yields a consistent result for the collection of functional adult mouse cardiomyocytes from a variety of genetically modified mice.

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Isolated Heart Preparations, Problems, and Pitfalls

Cited by 3 publications

References 59 publications

Left ventricular output and aortic blood flow in response to changes in preload and afterload in the preterm piglet heart

Left ventricular output and aortic blood flow in response to changes in preload and afterload in the preterm piglet heart

The effect of acute coronary perfusion change on cardiac function measured by Shear Wave Elasticity Imaging

Isolation and Culture of Adult Mouse Cardiomyocytes for Cell Signaling and <em>in vitro</em> Cardiac Hypertrophy

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