Isolated granulocytic sarcoma of the pancreas: A tricky diagnostic for primary pancreatic extramedullary acute myeloid leukemia

Messager, Mathieu; Amielh, D.; Chevallier, Caroline; Mariette, C.

doi:10.1186/1477-7819-10-13

Cited by 26 publications

(20 citation statements)

References 18 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Furthermore, 66% of patients who received chemotherapy for the primary GS did not develop AML, suggesting that early systemic therapy is helpful in preventing AML, which increases the overall survival time (6).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Literature data demonstrated that clinical behavior and response to therapy are not influenced by any of the following factors: Age, gender, anatomic site, de novo presentation, histotype, phenotype or cytogenetic findings (6).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…GS has a high rate of misdiagnosis (46%) (12,13), and its differential diagnosis may include non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (lymphoblastic, Burkitt and diffuse large B-cell lymphomas), lymphoblastic leukemia, melanoma, Ewing's sarcoma, primitive neuroectodermal tumor, rhabdomyosarcoma, neuroblastoma, medulloblastoma, undifferentiated carcinoma, blastic plasmacytoid dendritic cell neoplasm, extramedullary hematopoiesis (13) and small undifferentiated round cell tumors (6,14).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The optimal treatment for the GS-AML association remains uncertain. However, high-dose chemotherapy and stem cell transplantation may be the treatment of choice (6).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 3 more Smart Citations

Immunohistochemical patterns in the differential diagnosis of rhinopharyngeal granulocytic sarcoma

et al. 2016

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Abstract. Granulocytic sarcoma (GS) is a rare extramedullary manifestation of acute myeloid leukemia (AML). GS may develop simultaneously to AML or as a relapse of leukemia, particularly following allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplant. Subperiosteal bone, lymph nodes and skin are commonly involved, whereas rhinopharyngeal involvement is less common, with only 14 cases reported in the literature. Due to its rarity, rhinopharyngeal GS may lead to diagnostic pitfalls, particularly when it is poorly differentiated or is without concomitant marrow involvement. Thus, immunohistochemical findings play a key role in diagnosis. The current report describes a case of a 53-year-old female suffering from rhinopharyngeal GS and with a history of AML treated with chemotherapy and radiotherapy, focusing on the importance of the immunohistochemical pattern to assess the right diagnosis. Recent studies have demonstrated that the immunophenotype is of utmost importance for the diagnosis of GS. The high expression of myeloperoxidase (MPO) is common in GS; however, ~30% of GSs do not contain MPO. Therefore, the presence of other markers is required to confirm the diagnosis of GS.

show abstract

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The optimal treatment for the GS-AML association remains uncertain. However, high-dose chemotherapy and stem cell transplantation may be the treatment of choice (6).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Immunohistochemical patterns in the differential diagnosis of rhinopharyngeal granulocytic sarcoma

et al. 2016

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…GS is a rare manifestation of AML usually arising during or after the course of the disease, in up to 8% of patients in autopsy studies. Sometimes, GS can be the first and the only manifestation of AML, leading to diagnostic challenges as in our case [11]. The clinical aspect and histological picture of cutaneous GS can easily be mistaken for a cutaneous lymphoma, therefore immunohistochemical assessment is mandatory for correct diagnosis, because it reveals the myeloid lineage of the cells (myeloperoxidase, CD68, chloroacetate esterase, lysozyme, CD43, CD31, CD34, CD38, CD45, CD99, CD117, CD79a, and CD3) [1,3,11].…”

Section: Mds Incorporates a Heterogeneous Group Of Clonal Stem Cellmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Case of Multiple Cutaneous Granulocytic Sarcomas in an Elderly Patient

Dilek

Saral

et al. 2014

J Med Cases

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Granulocytic sarcoma (GS) is an extramedullary tumor composed of malignant myeloid precursor cells. GS commonly presents in soft tissues of head, neck and in intracranial sites, but GS may arise anywhere in the body. The diagnosis is made clinically on the basis of a combination of location, pathologic appearance, and a concurrent diagnosis of acute leukemia or myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS). GS is generally presenting as a single lesion. We present an elderly patient with multiple cutaneous GS who has acute myelogenous leukemia (AML). Since GS often precedes leukemia, early recognition and a definitive diagnosis of GS is very important for proper and timely treatment.

show abstract

¹⁸FDG‐PET/CT: 21st century approach to leukemic tumors in 124 cases

Cunningham

Kohno

2016

American J Hematol

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Extramedullary tumors remain an obstacle to curing more acute leukemia patients. Their incidence is unknown because the presence of occult tumors that contribute to relapse is not routinely sought as in other cancers. No standard approach exists for treating tumors at most sites, apparent clinical response is typically followed by further tumors, and achievement of lengthy remission is uncommon. Body scanning with 18 FDG PET/CT now provides a means to identify the extent of occult tumors that enables directed tumor eradication and a way to evaluate tumor response. To evaluate its potential benefits, analysis was undertaken of 124 published cases scanned after apparent tumors were diagnosed. Clinical and radiologic exams underestimated extent of disease in over half of 100 cases. Among 70 cases that reported scans after various treatments, 70% achieved negative scans. Half relapsed subsequently but disease-free survivals up to 6 years were documented. These reported cases add to our knowledge of extramedullary leukemia in showing that further tumors are more likely than marrow relapse, clinical and radiologic evaluation of response is inadequate, intensive chemotherapy alone generally does not prevent progression and is associated with significant mortality, and tumor-directed plus systemic therapies appears the most effective approach, particularly to AML tumors. This analysis suggests this technology could increase our ability to eradicate all foci of leukemia, and identify tumors responsible for refractory, residual, and relapsed disease.

show abstract

Isolated granulocytic sarcoma of the pancreas: A tricky diagnostic for primary pancreatic extramedullary acute myeloid leukemia

Cited by 26 publications

References 18 publications

Immunohistochemical patterns in the differential diagnosis of rhinopharyngeal granulocytic sarcoma

Immunohistochemical patterns in the differential diagnosis of rhinopharyngeal granulocytic sarcoma

A Case of Multiple Cutaneous Granulocytic Sarcomas in an Elderly Patient

¹⁸FDG‐PET/CT: 21st century approach to leukemic tumors in 124 cases

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About

Isolated granulocytic sarcoma of the pancreas: A tricky diagnostic for primary pancreatic extramedullary acute myeloid leukemia

Cited by 26 publications

References 18 publications

Immunohistochemical patterns in the differential diagnosis of rhinopharyngeal granulocytic sarcoma

Immunohistochemical patterns in the differential diagnosis of rhinopharyngeal granulocytic sarcoma

A Case of Multiple Cutaneous Granulocytic Sarcomas in an Elderly Patient

18FDG‐PET/CT: 21st century approach to leukemic tumors in 124 cases

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About

¹⁸FDG‐PET/CT: 21st century approach to leukemic tumors in 124 cases