Isolated esophageal tuberculosis: A case report

Diallo, Ibrahima; Touré, Omar; Sarr, Elhadji Souleymane; Sow, Abdoul; Ndiaye, B.; Diawara, Papa Silman; Dial, Chérif; Mbengue, Ababacar; Fall, Fatou

doi:10.4253/wjge.v14.i9.575

Cited by 2 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 14 publications

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“…The demographic characteristics of HCC cases observed in Gabon tend to differ from previous descriptions of the disease in SSA. Regarding the mean age (50.3 ± 15.7 years) of patients, it appears already different from that recently observed in West-African countries such as Ghana (17) and Senegal (18), which is respectively 45.2 and 47.4 years (17. HCC onset in Gabon appears later than what is commonly reported in SSA countries but remains in keeping with descriptions made by Kew and Didi-Kouko et al (19,20).…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 75%

Drastic sex-dependent etiological distribution in severe liver diseases from Gabon

Moussavou-Boundzanga

Bignoumba²,

Mouinga‐Ondémé³

et al. 2022

Front. Oncol.

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Chronic liver diseases still represent a worrying public health issue in Sub-Saharan Africa. In this region, emphasis is generally made on hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) albeit liver cirrhosis (LC) is also responsible for an important death toll. Very few studies have compared the presentation and etiologies of cancer and cirrhosis of the liver in Middle Africa. We conducted a comparative retrospective analysis of 74 and 134 cases of patients with HCC and LC treated in Libreville, Gabon. Viral or lifestyle risk factors, clinical symptoms, and biological features were compared. We observed that ages of diagnosis were 53.2 ± 15.7 years and 48.6 ± 18.6 years for HCC and LC with remarkably low M:F sex ratios (1.3-1.8). Ethanol consumption was highly prevalent in both disease types (65.0%-70.0%). Chronic viral infections with hepatitis B (HBV) or C (HCV) virus were also widespread with slight domination of the former in both diseases (43.4% vs. 34.3%, and 35.9% vs. 28.5%). Patients with HCC were presenting very late with a mean diameter of the main nodule of 84 ± 50 mm and a multifocal pattern in 72.7% of cases. HCC developed on a cirrhotic liver in 91.7% of cases. Serum AFP was frankly elevated (>400 ng/ml) in only 35.8% of HCC cases. The most striking feature of the HCC series was the contrasted contribution of distinct pathogenic etiologies involving sex, viral, metabolic, and toxic factors. A frequently dysmetabolic condition synergizing with hepatitis C (anti-HCV, 73.8% vs 22.7%, p < 0.0001) in females and a male cancer promoted by recreational toxicants and chronic hepatitis B (HBsAg, 83.5% vs 35.9%, p < 0.0001) were observed. Men with HCC were considerably younger than women (46.8 ± 14.5 years vs. 62.2 ± 12.2 years, p < 0.0001). Further studies are now warranted to identify routes of HCV transmission and if they are still fueling reservoirs of future patients. Public policies to prevent alcohol-related harm have also to be urgently implemented in Gabon.

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 75%

Drastic sex-dependent etiological distribution in severe liver diseases from Gabon

Moussavou-Boundzanga

Bignoumba²,

Mouinga‐Ondémé³

et al. 2022

Front. Oncol.

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Foregut tuberculosis: Too close but miles apart

Shahid,

Anis,

Abid

2024

World J Clin Cases

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The worldwide burden of tuberculosis (TB) has increased and it can involve virtually any organ of the body. Intestinal TB accounts for about 2% of the cases of TB worldwide. The ileocecal region is the most commonly affected site, and the foregut is rarely involved. The reported incidence is approximately 0.5%. Esophageal TB presents with dysphagia, weight loss, and hematemesis in rare cases. Gastroduodenal TB usually manifests with symptoms such as nausea, vomiting, weight loss, and sometimes with gastric outlet obstruction. Gastroscopy may reveal shallow ulcers in stomach and duodenal deformity when underlying TB is suspected, therefore histopathology plays pivotal role. On computed tomography, duodenal TB typically manifests as duodenal strictures predominantly, accompanied by extrinsic compression, and occasionally as intraluminal mass. But their diagnosis can easily be missed if proper biopsies are not taken and samples are not sent for GeneXpert testing, TB polymerase chain reaction investigation and histopathological analysis. Despite being in close proximity to the lungs, the esophagus and stomach are rare sites of TB. The reasons could be low gastric pH and acidity which does not let mycobacterium grow. But there are various case reports of TB involving the foregut. We have summarized the rare cases of foregut TB in different sections and highlighted the importance of esophagogastroduodenoscopy, histopathology and advanced techniques like endoscopic ultrasound in establishing the diagnosis.

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Isolated esophageal tuberculosis: A case report

Cited by 2 publications

References 14 publications

Drastic sex-dependent etiological distribution in severe liver diseases from Gabon

Drastic sex-dependent etiological distribution in severe liver diseases from Gabon

Foregut tuberculosis: Too close but miles apart

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