Isoflurane Preconditioning Ameliorates Endotoxin-Induced Acute Lung Injury and Mortality in Rats

Abstract

Isoflurane preconditioning can attenuate pulmonary proinflammatory cytokine release and decrease the mortality induced by severe sepsis. Early protection seems to be mediated partly through inhibition of iNOS-NO pathway activation.

Effects of inhalational anaesthetics in experimental allergic asthma

“…4), which are pro-inflammatory, pro-fibrogenic and pro-angiogenic mediators. These findings are consistent with previous studies in which volatile anaesthetics reduced TNF-a [15][16][17][18][19][20][21], exerting antiinflammatory and organ-protective effects in ARDS models, even after a brief exposure [19]. The immunomodulatory effects of sevoflurane may be attributable to several mechanisms: (1) inhibition of synaptic transmission by activation of type-A gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA A ) receptors in neurons [40], lung airways and alveolar cells [41], thus improving oxygenation and attenuating lung inflammation [15]; (2) reduction in TNF-a-induced endothelial permeability [42]; and (3) inhibition of TNF-a expression and inflammatory cytokine production through intracellular pathways [43].…”

“…Some case reports have described a beneficial action of anaesthetics in refractory asthma [12][13][14], and studies have demonstrated their anti-inflammatory effects in experimental [15][16][17][18][19] and clinical [20,21] acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) protocols. We have previously reported that sevoflurane promoted bronchodilation and reduced atelectasis in experimental allergic asthma [22].…”

Isoflurane pre-treatment before cardiopulmonary bypass alleviates neutrophil accumulation in dog lungs

“…Recently, some literature reports that volatile anaesthetics showed protective effects against lung injury 9-13. In a male mouse model of endotoxin-induced lung injury, isoflurane pre-treatment significantly attenuated PMN recruitment into the injured lung 12.…”

“…Liu and colleagues10, 11 reported the administration of isoflurane before ischaemia and during reperfusion inhibited IR-induced isolated rabbit lung injury and demonstrated that not only isoflurane but also sevoflurane administered before ischaemia attenuated IR-induced injury in isolated rat lungs. More recently, Reutershan12 and Li13 documented the protective pre-treatment effects by isoflurane against endotoxin-induced lung injury in mouse and rat models.…”

Isoflurane Prevents Acute Lung Injury Through ADP-Mediated Platelet Inhibition

“…isoflurane, sevoflurane) are known to possess anti-inflammatory properties and have been shown to prevent sepsis-mediated ALI, 7 as well as ischemia/ reperfusion injury following cardiac bypass (CBP) procedures. 8 These volatile gasses are known to prevent neutrophil adhesion to the endothelium, 9,10 but the exact mechanism remains unclear.…”