Isoflavone levels, nodulation and gene expression profiles of a CRISPR/Cas9 deletion mutant in the isoflavone synthase gene of red clover

Dinkins, Randy D.; Hancock, Julie A.; Coe, Brenda; May, John; Goodman, Jack P.; Bass, W. Troy; Liu, Jinge; Fan, Yinglun; Zheng, Qi; Zhu, Hongyan

doi:10.1007/s00299-020-02647-4

Cited by 30 publications

(27 citation statements)

References 49 publications

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“…Flavone biosynthesis is an important branch of the flavonoid pathway in all higher plants. Flavones are produced from flavanones by flavone synthase (FNS); for instance, naringenin, liquiritigenin, eriodictyol, and pentahydroxyflavanone can be converted to apigenin, dihydroxyflavone, luteolin, and tricetin, respectively [ 58 , 59 , 60 ]. FNS catalyzes the formation of a double bond between position C-2 and C-3 of ring C in flavanones and can be divided into two classes—FNSI and FNSII [ 61 ].…”

Section: Flavonoid Biosynthesis In Plantsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The overexpression of Glycine max IFS in Allium cepa led to the accumulation of the isoflavone genistein in in vitro tissues [ 82 ]. Knocking out the expression of the IFS1 gene using CRISPR/Cas9 led to a significant reduction in the levels of isoflavones such as genistein [ 58 ]. Various modifications further generate specific isoflavones.…”

Section: Flavonoid Biosynthesis In Plantsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The Flavonoid Biosynthesis Network in Plants

Liu

Yue

et al. 2021

IJMS

369

197

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Flavonoids are an important class of secondary metabolites widely found in plants, contributing to plant growth and development and having prominent applications in food and medicine. The biosynthesis of flavonoids has long been the focus of intense research in plant biology. Flavonoids are derived from the phenylpropanoid metabolic pathway, and have a basic structure that comprises a C15 benzene ring structure of C6-C3-C6. Over recent decades, a considerable number of studies have been directed at elucidating the mechanisms involved in flavonoid biosynthesis in plants. In this review, we systematically summarize the flavonoid biosynthetic pathway. We further assemble an exhaustive map of flavonoid biosynthesis in plants comprising eight branches (stilbene, aurone, flavone, isoflavone, flavonol, phlobaphene, proanthocyanidin, and anthocyanin biosynthesis) and four important intermediate metabolites (chalcone, flavanone, dihydroflavonol, and leucoanthocyanidin). This review affords a comprehensive overview of the current knowledge regarding flavonoid biosynthesis, and provides the theoretical basis for further elucidating the pathways involved in the biosynthesis of flavonoids, which will aid in better understanding their functions and potential uses.

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Section: Flavonoid Biosynthesis In Plantsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Flavonoid Biosynthesis In Plantsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Flavonoid Biosynthesis Network in Plants

Liu

Yue

et al. 2021

IJMS

369

197

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“…Trifolium is an outcrosser meaning it cannot self‐fertilise, and therefore, transgenic lines must be clonally propagated to maintain the transgene or gene edits. Alternatively, mating with a line carrying a self‐compatible locus increases successful mating between the progeny to generate homozygous lines (Dinkins et al, 2021; Riday & Krohn, 2010), but this method limits introgression of diverse genetic backgrounds. Preliminary studies in hairy vetch demonstrate that transformation may be possible but have yet to produce a stable transgenic line (Nguyen & Searle, 2022).…”

Section: Opportunity For Improvement Of Cover Crop Root Traitsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Together, this supports that pennycress is malleable and well‐suited for targeted genetic modifications to enhance and stack desirable traits. Transformation of crimson clover, T. pratense , and white cover, T. repens , has been accomplished through callus induction to regenerate plants with disrupted flavonoid production to investigate the role of flavonoids in nodule formation (Dinkins et al, 2021 ), but is most successful in lines optimised for regeneration in tissue culture. Trifolium is an outcrosser meaning it cannot self‐fertilise, and therefore, transgenic lines must be clonally propagated to maintain the transgene or gene edits.…”

Section: Opportunity For Improvement Of Cover Crop Root Traitsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Optimisation of root traits to provide enhanced ecosystem services in agricultural systems: A focus on cover crops

Griffiths

Delory

Jawahir

et al. 2022

Plant Cell & Environment

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Roots are the interface between the plant and the soil and play a central role in multiple ecosystem processes. With intensification of agricultural practices, rhizosphere processes are being disrupted and are causing degradation of the physical, chemical and biotic properties of soil. However, cover crops, a group of plants that provide ecosystem services, can be utilised during fallow periods or used as an intercrop to restore soil health. The effectiveness of ecosystem services provided by cover crops varies widely as very little breeding has occurred in these species.Improvement of ecosystem service performance is rarely considered as a breeding trait due to the complexities and challenges of belowground evaluation. Advancements in root phenotyping and genetic tools are critical in accelerating ecosystem service improvement in cover crops. In this study, we provide an overview of the range of belowground ecosystem services provided by cover crop roots: (1) soil structural remediation, (2) capture of soil resources and (3) maintenance of the rhizosphere and building of organic matter content. Based on the ecosystem services described, we outline current and promising phenotyping technologies and breeding strategies in cover crops that can enhance agricultural sustainability through improvement of root traits.

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“…Furthermore, complete male and female sterile plants were generated by editing SPO11-1 gene through CRISPR/Cas9 technology in cowpea ( Juranić et al, 2020 ). In the context of underutilized legume, the CRISPR/Cas9 genome engineering technique was used to edit the isoflavone synthase gene contributing to rhizobial defense signaling in red clover ( Dinkins et al, 2021 ). Furthermore, gene-editing technology in association with base editors and prime-editing could be harnessed for de novo domestication of CWRs of underutilized legumes and “reengineering of metabolism” to increase resilience and enhance nutritive value ( Gasparini et al, 2021 ; Nasti and Voytas 2021 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Progress of Genomics-Driven Approaches for Sustaining Underutilized Legume Crops in the Post-Genomic Era

et al. 2022

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Legume crops, belonging to the Fabaceae family, are of immense importance for sustaining global food security. Many legumes are profitable crops for smallholder farmers due to their unique ability to fix atmospheric nitrogen and their intrinsic ability to thrive on marginal land with minimum inputs and low cultivation costs. Recent progress in genomics shows promise for future genetic gains in major grain legumes. Still it remains limited in minor legumes/underutilized legumes, including adzuki bean, cluster bean, horse gram, lathyrus, red clover, urd bean, and winged bean. In the last decade, unprecedented progress in completing genome assemblies of various legume crops and resequencing efforts of large germplasm collections has helped to identify the underlying gene(s) for various traits of breeding importance for enhancing genetic gain and contributing to developing climate-resilient cultivars. This review discusses the progress of genomic resource development, including genome-wide molecular markers, key breakthroughs in genome sequencing, genetic linkage maps, and trait mapping for facilitating yield improvement in underutilized legumes. We focus on 1) the progress in genomic-assisted breeding, 2) the role of whole-genome resequencing, pangenomes for underpinning the novel genomic variants underlying trait gene(s), 3) how adaptive traits of wild underutilized legumes could be harnessed to develop climate-resilient cultivars, 4) the progress and status of functional genomics resources, deciphering the underlying trait candidate genes with putative function in underutilized legumes 5) and prospects of novel breeding technologies, such as speed breeding, genomic selection, and genome editing. We conclude the review by discussing the scope for genomic resources developed in underutilized legumes to enhance their production and play a critical role in achieving the “zero hunger” sustainable development goal by 2030 set by the United Nations.

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Isoflavone levels, nodulation and gene expression profiles of a CRISPR/Cas9 deletion mutant in the isoflavone synthase gene of red clover

Cited by 30 publications

References 49 publications

The Flavonoid Biosynthesis Network in Plants

The Flavonoid Biosynthesis Network in Plants

Optimisation of root traits to provide enhanced ecosystem services in agricultural systems: A focus on cover crops

Progress of Genomics-Driven Approaches for Sustaining Underutilized Legume Crops in the Post-Genomic Era

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