Isoenzyme(S) of glutathione transferase (class Mu) as a marker for the susceptibility to lung cancer: a follow up study

Abstract

Glutathione transferase are divided into three classes: Alpha, Mu and Pi. Isoenzyme(s) from one of these classes, class Mu, is dominantly inherited and can be determined by activity measurements directed towards the substrate trans-stilbene oxide. The frequency of this phenotype has been measured in patients with bronchial carcinoma and in control subjects matched for age and smoking history. After combining an earlier study from our laboratory (Carcinogenesis, 7, 751-753, 1986) with the additional material presented here (control smokers, n = 114, lung cancers, n = 125) non-cancer smokers had an increased number of subjects who expressed class Mu isoenzymes (58.3% of total n = 192) compared with lung cancer patients (36.6% of total n = 191; P less than 0.0001). The pathology of lung tumors related to the lack of class Mu isoenzymes which occurred most frequently in patients with adenocarcinomas. It is concluded that the gene expressing class Mu isoenzymes may be a host determinant of genetic susceptibility to lung cancer among smokers.

Polymorphism of the CYP1A1 and glutathione-S-transferase gene in Korean lung cancer patients

“…GSTM1 deletion polymorphism has attracted much attention owing to its possible association with increased susceptibility to certain malignancies such as lung cancer (Zhong et al, 1991), astrocytoma (Strange et al, 1992), stomach cancer (Harada et al, 1992), and pituitary adenoma (Fryer et al, 1993). An association between deficient GSTM1 activity and an increased risk of adenocarcinoma of the lung among smokers would be a cofounding factor (Seidegard et al, 1990). And some studies suggested that the GSTM1 null genotype is associated with increased risk of squamous cell carcinoma of lungs which is the lung cancer most clearly related to smoking (Hirvonen et al, 1993;Kihara et al, 1994).…”

“…The M1 member of the mu subclass is poly-morphic, being expressed in only 50-60% of Caucasians because of a gene deletion on the 'null' allele (Board et al, 1981a;1981b;Seidegard et al, 1988). Previous studies have shown that the homozygous null genotype is more common among patients with colorectal cancer (Strange et al, 1991;Zhong et al, 1993), squamous cell carcinoma of the lung (Hirvonen et al, 1993), and other lung cancers (Seidegard et al ., 1990;Kihara et al ., 1993). This suggests that GSTM1 null individuals are more susceptible to certain types of cancer.…”

Polymorphism of the glutathione transferase subunit 3 in Sprague–Dawley rats involves a reactive cysteine residue

“…Loss of these genes has been suggested as a possible marker for greater susceptibility to development of lung cancer, as well as other cancers [19,20]. However, whether such polymorphisms also exist in the rat has remained unclear.…”

Relationship between ambient air pollution and DNA damage in Polish mothers and newborns.

“…Other studies have seen associations between WBC adduct levels and ambient PAH levels measured by areawide (1) carcinogenesis (12). CYPlAI is an inducible enzyme system that catalyzes the biotransformation of PAHs to phenolic products and epoxides (22,23 (16,(33)(34)(35) albeit not consistently (36)(37)(38). Previous evaluations of the association between the CYPIAI and GSTM1 polymorphisms and carcinogen-DNA adduct levels have provided conflicting results (39)(40)(41)(42)(43).…”