“…The cost for third-party certification for single sites in the industrial sector has averaged $17,000 in the United States (Therkelsen et al 2015). And when industrial organizations took the enterprise-wide approach with multiple sites certified simultaneously, the third-party costs per site came down to $12,000-$14,000 (Liu et al 2017). The U.S. industrial organizations have heavily relied on hiring consultants for training and implementation guidance, the cost of which is reflected in the aforementioned cost figures.…”