Islamic Terrorism and the Question of National Liberation, or Problems of Contemporary Chechen Terrorism

Mukhina, Irina

doi:10.1080/10576100500236923

Cited by 12 publications

(6 citation statements)

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“…In the absence of a formal economy, ravaged by war that resulted in the destruction of the fl edgling republic ' s infrastructure, agriculture and industries, Chechens thrived from the development of an informal black economy (Galeotti, 2002 ;Mukhina, 2005 ). Unemployment levels rose to 85%, which combined with the forced migration of the Chechen population created an even direr economic situation for the country.…”

Section: The O Verlap Between T Raffi Cking S Muggling and K Idnap Fmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Hostage taking developed into an important component that partly funded Chechnya ' s struggle for independence from the Russian Federation (Dishman, 2001 ;Galeotti, 2002 ;Lentini & Bakashmar, 2007 ;Moor & Zumpolle, 2001 ;Mukhina, 2005 ;Peimani, 2004 ,). Whilst the number of reported hostage takings ran into the hundreds, the turnover for the business resulted in a multimillion dollar market.…”

Section: The C Hechen B Usiness M Odelmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Whilst the number of reported hostage takings ran into the hundreds, the turnover for the business resulted in a multimillion dollar market. Mukhina (2005) reported that between January 1997 and August 1999, 1,094 civilians were kidnapped for ransom, the average settlement ranged from $ 5,000 to $ 145,000 per hostage. This income was used for purchasing weapons and modern armaments during the confl ict, and was also reinvested to fund further kidnappings so as to maintain the business.…”

Section: The C Hechen B Usiness M Odelmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The Business of Kidnap for Ransom

Phillips

2009

The Faces of Terrorism

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Synopsis: Kidnapping for ransom is examined as a business. This perspective draws attention to the need for an organization to exist to perpetrate the crime on a repetitive basis, whilst maintaining the ability to launder the money over a long period of time. The distinction is drawn between independent operators that kidnap for money and small groups that have access to a kidnapping network (or syndicate). Independent operators are rarely likely to kidnap for ransom, choosing only to ransom for small amounts of cash. These offenders are often petty criminals, although the motive behind the kidnapping is monetary gain, the intention is not to build a business empire. In contrast, small groups that kidnap with the intention of selling the hostage to a larger group or simply ransoming the hostage themselves are in effect developing a business.

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Section: The O Verlap Between T Raffi Cking S Muggling and K Idnap Fmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: The C Hechen B Usiness M Odelmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: The C Hechen B Usiness M Odelmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The Business of Kidnap for Ransom

Phillips

2009

The Faces of Terrorism

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“…Usually restricting information that may be collected or stored by governments and private enterprises. (Mukhina, 2005). Some countries have media laws that specify the types of information that should or should not be published or broadcast.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparative Analysis Of National Information Security Policy In The Context Of Globalization

Koshkin¹

2020

European Proceedings of Social and Behavioural Sciences

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“…27, p. 422). Irina Mukhina argues that at the very least, the ideology of jihad serves as a cover for less religious and more ruthless goals, espoused by leaders that are more pragmatic as a means to manipulate young and religiously committed terrorist acts 27 …”

Section: How Did Chechnya Become Linked To Terrorismmentioning

confidence: 99%

Chechens: Freedom Fighters or Terrorists?

Shinar¹

2018

European Review

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This article seeks to answer the following research questions: (1) why have the Chechen leaders become extremely religious, whereas at the beginning of the Russo-Chechen conflict in the 1990s, they were predominantly secular; and (2) what led the Chechens to use terrorism to fulfil their aspirations for complete independence from Russia. The article shows that the flow of foreign religious terrorists into the republic, as well as financial assistance to the Chechen population and its fighting leaders, turned the Chechen leaders from predominantly secular ones into extremely religious ones. At the same time, the traumatization of the Chechens by Russia’s disproportionate use of force against civilians was the reason that Chechens use terrorism against the Russian forces.

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Islamic Terrorism and the Question of National Liberation, or Problems of Contemporary Chechen Terrorism

Cited by 12 publications

References 0 publications

The Business of Kidnap for Ransom

The Business of Kidnap for Ransom

Comparative Analysis Of National Information Security Policy In The Context Of Globalization

Chechens: Freedom Fighters or Terrorists?

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