The newly discovered Ising-type ferromagnet CeRu2Al2B exhibits an additional phase transition at TN = 14.2 K before entering the ferromagnetic ground state at TC = 12.8 K. We clarify the nature of this transition through high resolution neutron diffraction measurements. The data reveal the presence of a longitudinal incommensurate spin-density wave (SDW) in the temperature range of TC < T < TN. The propagation vector q ∼ (0, 0, 0.148) is nearly temperature independent in this region and discontinuously locks into q = 0 at TC. Mean-field calculations of an effective Ising model indicate that the modulated SDW phase is stabilized by a strong competition between ferromagnetic and antiferromagnetic exchange interactions. This makes CeRu2Al2B a particularly attractive model system to study the global phase diagram of ferromagnetic heavy-fermion metals under influence of magnetic frustration.PACS numbers: 71.20. Be, 75.10.Lp, 75.40.Cx Heavy Fermion intermetallic compounds display a rich variety of emergent physical properties, including quantum criticality (QC), unconventional superconductivity, Kondo insulating and non-Fermi liquid states resulting from a competition between Ruderman-Kittel-KasuyaYosida (RKKY) exchange interaction and Kondo effect [1][2][3]. If the RKKY interaction prevails, the system orders magnetically. Contrary, if the Kondo screening dominates, theory suggests a non-magnetic ground state where hybridization between the localized f electrons and the conduction carriers opens a gap at the Fermi energy [4][5][6][7][8][9]. Magnetic frustration has been recently signified as an additional dimension in the global phase diagram of heavy-Fermion metals, that can tune the degree of local-moment quantum fluctuations [10][11][12][13][14][15].Ce-based intermetallics represent an important class of heavy-fermion systems, providing a playground to study quantum criticality and the competition between RKKY and Kondo interactions. Most of them exhibit antiferromagnetic (AFM) ordering with only few examples of a ferromagnetic (FM) ground state. On the other hand, tuning of the FM transition close to the quantum critical point is of particular interest after discovery of unconventional superconductivity in some U-based compounds such as A series of FM compounds with Ising-type anisotropy has been recently reported in the tetragonal quaternary system CeRu 2 X 2 M (X=Al, Ga and M=B, C) [20][21][22][23][24]. The transition temperature to the FM state, T C , varies from 17.2 K for CeRu 2 Ga 2 C down to 12.8 K for CeRu 2 Al 2 B [23]. In addition, the latter composition exhibits another transition at T N ∼ 14.2 K > T C whose nature has not been clarified so far. Based on magnetization and specific heat measurements, it is commonly believed that the transition at T N is magnetic but no magnetic structure determination in the temperature range of T C < T < T N has been reported [20]. Macroscopic measurements in an applied magnetic field revealed a rich (T -H) phase diagram with several stable phases. Interpretation of...