ISCOM-matrix-based equine influenza (EIV) vaccine stimulates cell-mediated immunity in the horse

Paillot, Romain; Prowse, L.

doi:10.1016/j.vetimm.2011.11.019

Cited by 34 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…It is likely that protection in absence of antibodies involved CMI stimulation, which efficiently supports or replaces protection induced by antibodies [10,43,44]. Stimulation of IFN gamma, a CMI marker, was previously demonstrated after immunization with ISCOM and ISCOMatrix EI [9,45,46]. This result was confirmed here.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 81%

ISCOM-based equine influenza vaccine: Duration of immunity and randomised clinical trials to assess an accelerated schedule of immunisation and efficacy

Paillot

Fraser

Prowse-Davis

et al. 2015

Trials in Vaccinology

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a b s t r a c tThe widespread use of equine influenza (EI) vaccines plays an important role in the prevention and control of EI outbreaks. Vaccine strain updates, optimisation of immunisation schedules, and frequent evaluation of vaccine efficacy are necessary to maintain an acceptable level of protection and overall disease control. Results from three independent vaccine studies are reported here.Study 1: duration of immunity (exploratory research). The antibody and interferon (IFN) gamma response induced by an ISCOM (Immuno-Stimulating COMplex)-based EI vaccine (Equip F Ò ), was measured in a group of 4 ponies up to one year after booster immunisation and compared to immunity induced by equine influenza virus (EIV) infection. The antibody and IFN gamma responses kinetics were defined and levels were similar to those induced by experimental EIV infection.Study 2: accelerated schedule of immunisation (randomised trial). Most EI vaccines require a 4-6 week interval during the primary two dose course of immunisation, during which time most animals remain susceptible to EIV infection. The immunogenicity and safety of the ISCOM-based EI + tetanus vaccine (Equip FT) with a 3-week accelerated immunisation interval was evaluated and compared to the recommended six-week vaccination interval in order to improve flexibility and to reduce the period of susceptibility. The antibody responses to the vaccine antigens (tetanus toxoid and EIV) were measured up to 2 weeks after the first booster vaccination (V3). The 3-week accelerated primary course interval was well tolerated and serology results suggested good immunogenicity against both EIV and tetanus antigens.Study 3: efficacy against Florida clade 2 EIV strain (randomised trial). Efficacy against the representative Florida clade 2 strain A/eq/Richmond/1/07 was also evaluated at the peak of immunity, shortly after 2nd vaccination (V2). Six ponies were vaccinated with EquipFT according to label (6-week interval between first and second injection) and 6 control ponies received saline injections. Sixteen days after V2 (day 58), all animals were experimentally infected with A/eq/Richmond/1/07. Clinical signs of disease and virus shedding were assessed for 14 days and found to be significantly reduced in vaccinated animals.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 81%

ISCOM-based equine influenza vaccine: Duration of immunity and randomised clinical trials to assess an accelerated schedule of immunisation and efficacy

Paillot

Fraser

Prowse-Davis

et al. 2015

Trials in Vaccinology

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“…This is mediated by efficient and prolonged uptake of associated antigens by antigen-presenting cells, by facilitating quick entry into the draining lymphatic system, by supporting antigen transport and availability to class I and II major histocompatibility complex pathways, by inducing relevant cytokine production, and by presenting antigens as particulates that mimic native virus (57)(58)(59)(60). Here, the specific lymphocyte proliferative responses support previous research demonstrating the induction of cellular immunity following immunization with proteins or virus combined with ISCOM-based adjuvants (61)(62)(63).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 81%

Purification, Stability, and Immunogenicity Analyses of Five Bluetongue Virus Proteins for Use in Development of a Subunit Vaccine That Allows Differentiation of Infected from Vaccinated Animals

Anderson

Bréard

Bengtsson

et al. 2014

Clin. Vaccine Immunol.

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e Bluetongue virus (BTV) causes bluetongue disease, a vector-borne disease of ruminants. The recent northerly spread of BTV serotype 8 in Europe resulted in outbreaks characterized by clinical signs in cattle, including unusual teratogenic effects. Vaccination has been shown to be crucial for controlling the spread of vector-borne diseases such as BTV. With the aim of developing a novel subunit vaccine targeting BTV-8 that allows differentiation of infected from vaccinated animals, five His-tagged recombinant proteins, VP2 and VP5 of BTV-8 and NS1, NS2, and NS3 of BTV-2, were expressed in baculovirus or Escherichia coli expression systems for further study. Optimized purification protocols were determined for VP2, NS1, NS2, and NS3, which remained stable for detection for at least 560 to 610 days of storage at ؉4°C or ؊80°C, and Western blotting using sera from vaccinated or experimentally infected cattle indicated that VP2 and NS2 were recognized by BTV-specific antibodies. To characterize murine immune responses to the four proteins, mice were subcutaneously immunized twice at a 4-week interval with one of three protein combinations plus immunostimulating complex ISCOM-Matrix adjuvant or with ISCOM-Matrix alone (n ‫؍‬ 6 per group). Significantly higher serum IgG antibody titers specific for VP2 and NS2 were detected in immunized mice than were detected in controls. VP2, NS1, and NS2 but not NS3 induced specific lymphocyte proliferative responses upon restimulation of spleen cells from immunized mice. The data suggest that these recombinant purified proteins, VP2, NS1, and NS2, could be an important part of a novel vaccine design against BTV-8.

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“…Within a few hours after vaccination, the adjuvant has moved from the vaccination site to lymph nodes draining it, and from there on to the spleen and bone marrow where most of the immune cells reside (Pearse and Drane 2004, Pearse and Drane 2005). This type of adjuvant has been shown to stimulate antibody and a cellular immune response in mammals, including the horse (Pearse and Drane 2004, Paillot and Prowse 2012). …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Efficacy of a non‐updated, Matrix‐C‐based equine influenza subunit‐tetanus vaccine following Florida sublineage clade 2 challenge

Pouwels

Zande

Horspool³

et al. 2014

Veterinary Record

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Assessing the ability of current equine influenza vaccines to provide cross-protection against emerging strains is important. Horses not vaccinated previously and seronegative for equine influenza based on haemagglutination inhibition (HI) assay were assigned at random to vaccinated (n=7) or non-vaccinated (control, n=5) groups. Vaccination was performed twice four weeks apart with a 1 ml influenza subunit (A/eq/Prague/1/56, A/eq/Newmarket/1/93, A/eq/Newmarket/2/93), tetanus toxoid vaccine with Matrix-C adjuvant (EquilisPrequenza Te). All the horses were challenged individually by aerosol with A/eq/Richmond/1/07 three weeks after the second vaccination. Rectal temperature, clinical signs, serology and virus excretion were monitored for 14 days after challenge. There was no pain at the injection site or increases in rectal temperature following vaccination. Increases in rectal temperature and characteristic clinical signs were recorded in the control horses. Clinical signs were minimal in vaccinated horses. Clinical (P=0.0345) and total clinical scores (P=0.0180) were significantly lower in the vaccinated than in the control horses. Vaccination had a significant effect on indicators of viraemia – the extent (P=0.0006) and duration (P=<0.0001) of virus excretion and the total amount of virus excreted (AUC, P=0.0006). Vaccination also had a significant effect (P=0.0017) on whether a horse was positive or negative for virus excretion during the study. Further research is needed to fully understand the specific properties of this vaccine that may contribute to its cross-protective capacity.

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ISCOM-matrix-based equine influenza (EIV) vaccine stimulates cell-mediated immunity in the horse

Cited by 34 publications

References 19 publications

ISCOM-based equine influenza vaccine: Duration of immunity and randomised clinical trials to assess an accelerated schedule of immunisation and efficacy

ISCOM-based equine influenza vaccine: Duration of immunity and randomised clinical trials to assess an accelerated schedule of immunisation and efficacy

Purification, Stability, and Immunogenicity Analyses of Five Bluetongue Virus Proteins for Use in Development of a Subunit Vaccine That Allows Differentiation of Infected from Vaccinated Animals

Efficacy of a non‐updated, Matrix‐C‐based equine influenza subunit‐tetanus vaccine following Florida sublineage clade 2 challenge

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