“…4,6 Thus, our findings differed from those of PLHIVs from other countries, like Malawi, 24 or sub-Saharan Africa, where stroke disproportionately affects cART-na€ ıve, young individuals at advanced HIV-infection stages, 10,24 engendering OI, HIV vasculopathy and immune-reconstitution inflammatory syndrome overrepresentation. 10,24 Several IS series before 2017 were not conducted in SUs with incomplete investigations (reviewed in1, 3,35). Moreover, some studies were hampered by small sample sizes, 3,8 high percentages of uncontrolled HIV infections, 4,14,17,18,24,36 numerous PLHIVs not on cART, 8,36 concurrent OI 10,24 and high frequencies of active drug abuse (e.g., methamphetamine, cocaine, and/or heroin).…”