Ischemic retinopathy associated with Crohn&amp;rsquo;s disease

Siqueira, Rubens Camargo; Kaiser, Roberto Luiz; Ruiz, Lílian Piron; Ruiz, Milton A.

doi:10.2147/imcrj.s108855

Cited by 4 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…Extra intestinal manifestations of CD are commonly prevalent including cholelithiasis, anemia, inflammatory arthropathies, erythema nodosum, osteoporosis, nephrolithiasis, venous thromboembolism, scleritis, and uveitis [20]. Ocular manifestation is one of the important extra-intestinal manifestation of CD with a reported incidence of 4% to 10% including episcleritis, scleritis, conjunctivitis, anterior uveitis, orbital pseudotumor, optic neuritis, marginal keratitis, retinal vascular occlusive disease, and retinitis, as reported by Mady [23], however Siqueira's reported up to 12% with the majority of iritis, uveitis, episcleritis, and conjunctivitis [24].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Barabino found that the most common complications are episcleritis, scleritis, and uveitis occurring in up to 29%, 18% and 17% of patients, respectively [25], while Katsanos found that Posterior scleritis and orbital inflammatory disease (orbital pseudotumor) are the most commonly existing [24], and Mady found that the commonest among them is episcleritis [23]. On the other hand, the incidence of the involvement of the posterior segment is less than 1% as it is very rare [24], while the reported incidence by Barabino, ranges between less than 1% to 30% [25].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…On the other hand, the incidence of the involvement of the posterior segment is less than 1% as it is very rare [24], while the reported incidence by Barabino, ranges between less than 1% to 30% [25]. These complications are visual threatening and must be discovered early to prevent significant visual morbidity [23], the importance of consultation between gastroenterologist and ophthalmologist are warrant [26].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Crohn's disease patients with extra-intestinal manifestation are showing more increased prevalence of HLA-B27 in compare to the normal population [23,24]. Concerning the underlying pathology of extraintestinal manifestation of inflammatory bowel disease is unclear; it is thought to be due to the disease inflammatory process, considering the antigen-antibody complex in the blood circulation and the production of autoantibody to the antigen of the cells which is common between the colon and the extra-intestinal organs.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Inflammation that causes mucosal damage of the intestinal epithelium gives a chance to some microorganisms and proteins to find a way of passing through the barriers of the intestine which leads to reactive lymphoid tissue response; this causes the production of antibodies and formation of antigen-antibody complex in the blood circulation resulting in systemic inflammation. The immunological responding to the antigen of the colon might explain the reason of the ocular manifestation that happens more with ileocolitis and colitis than in the involvement of small bowl only [23,24]. The pathogenesis is still on investigation, because of the molecular mimicry is also thought to be participating in the pathology [23].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 4 more Smart Citations

Extra-Intestinal Complications (EIC) and Manifestations (EIM) (Ocular and Pulmonary) among Patients with Crohn's Disease

Ali¹,

Bamahfouz²,

Krema³

et al. 2017

J Gastrointest Dig Syst

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Crohn's disease (CD) is an immune-mediated disorder of unknown etiology primarily affect the gastrointestinal tract with series of extra intestinal manifestations (EIM) and Extra intestinal complications (EIC) that affects different organs and systems. EIMs are capable of involving nearly every system in the body; some believe that IBD is a systemic disorder with predominantly bowel manifestations. EI complications are mainly caused by the disease itself that induce mal-absorption with consequent micronutrient deficiencies, osteoporosis, peripheral neuropathies, kidney stones, gallstones and IBD drug-related side effects. In Saudi Arabia, CD is reported frequently. In this review, we try to make stress on different previously reported frequencies of EIMs and EIC in patients with CD; from our point of view we make an overview on the ocular and pulmonary complications and manifestations that are related either to disease activity or an indication of the presence of CD. Scleritis, uveitis and dry eye syndrome in previous healthy subjects with intestinal manifestation help in early diagnosis of CD especially in unexpected ages of the diseases. Further work on pulmonary manifestations to make full explanation on whether pulmonary disease is secondary to the drugs or to the underlying disease process.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 3 more Smart Citations

Extra-Intestinal Complications (EIC) and Manifestations (EIM) (Ocular and Pulmonary) among Patients with Crohn's Disease

Ali¹,

Bamahfouz²,

Krema³

et al. 2017

J Gastrointest Dig Syst

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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The gut and the inflammatory bowel diseases inside-out: extra-intestinal manifestations

Ribaldone

Pellicano

Actis

2020

Minerva Gastroenterol Dietol

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An increasing deal of attention is being conveyed on the extra-intestinal manifestations of inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD). We compiled the present review in an attempt to upgrade the accuracy of the classification of such polymorphic entities. We focused on three patterns. First, the conventional extra-intestinal manifestations localized to bone and joints, to the eye, to the biliary tree and to the skin. Second, the so-called IBD-like syndromes accompanied by bone marrow-derived anomalies of innate or acquired immunity. Third, specific disorders of the skin and of the lungs. The extra-intestinal manifestations are thought to derive from an altered gut permeability, the release of cross-reacting antigens, and subsequent peripheral inflammation; T helper 17 cells boosted by a polymorphic interleukin 23 circuitry would be the main effectors of this chain. Inflammatory bowel disease-like pictures would derive from inborn errors of the immune response causing undue inflammation home to the gut. Monogenic IBD belong to this subset, and are of specific pediatric interest. Psoriasis, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, and IBD are all inflammatory disorders of the barrier organs: skin, lungs, and gut. The demonstration that specific antigen hyper-or hyporesponsiveness raised at any of the three districts can modulate the response of the other two sites, has led to the innovative concept of a system-wide mucosal immunological organ. An improved knowledge of these entities has not only a speculative importance, but can also bear a clinical impact, insofar as the extra-intestinal manifestations prove often more disabling than the underlying IBD itself.

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Ophthalmic manifestations in patients with inflammatory bowel disease: A review

Troncoso

Biancardi

Moraes

et al. 2017

WJG

108

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Clinical manifestations of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) are not locally restricted to the gastrointestinal tract, and a significant portion of patients have involvement of other organs and systems. The visual system is one of the most frequently affected, mainly by inflammatory disorders such as episcleritis, uveitis and scleritis. A critical review of available literature concerning ocular involvement in IBD, as it appears in PubMed, was performed. Episcleritis, the most common ocular extraintestinal manifestation (EIM), seems to be more associated with IBD activity when compared with other ocular EIMs. In IBD patients, anterior uveitis has an insidious onset, it is longstanding and bilateral, and not related to the intestinal disease activity. Systemic steroids or immunosuppressants may be necessary in severe ocular inflammation cases, and control of the underlying bowel disease is important to prevent recurrence. Our review revealed that ocular involvement is more prevalent in Crohn’s disease than ulcerative colitis, in active IBD, mainly in the presence of other EIMs. The ophthalmic symptoms in IBD are mainly non-specific and their relevance may not be recognized by the clinician; most ophthalmic manifestations are treatable, and resolve without sequel upon prompt treatment. A collaborative clinical care team for management of IBD that includes ophthalmologists is central for improvement of quality care for these patients, and it is also cost-effective.

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Ischemic retinopathy associated with Crohn’s disease

Cited by 4 publications

References 16 publications

Extra-Intestinal Complications (EIC) and Manifestations (EIM) (Ocular and Pulmonary) among Patients with Crohn's Disease

Extra-Intestinal Complications (EIC) and Manifestations (EIM) (Ocular and Pulmonary) among Patients with Crohn's Disease

The gut and the inflammatory bowel diseases inside-out: extra-intestinal manifestations

Ophthalmic manifestations in patients with inflammatory bowel disease: A review

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