Ischemic and Hemorrhagic Cerebrovascular Events Related to COVID-19 Coagulopathy and Hypoxemia

Sojka, Michał; Drelich-Zbroja, Anna; Kuczyńska, Maryla; Cheda, Mateusz; Dąbrowska, Izabela; Kopyto, Ewa; Halczuk, Izabela; Zbroja, Monika; Cyranka, Weronika; Jargiełło, Tomasz

doi:10.3390/ijerph191811823

Cited by 7 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 95 publications

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“…In addition, over forty percent of the patients were diagnosed with cryptogenic stroke, which often had an embolic radiologic aspect. In contrast, tiny vessel patterns were seldom recorded (44,45).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 96%

Brain and Blood Vessel Imaging for Ischemic Stroke in Patients with Covid-19—Data from the Literature and Clinical Cases

Axelerad,

Muja,

Stuparu

et al. 2023

ARS Medica Tomitana

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This study explores the relationship between patients diagnosed with ischemic stroke and SARS-CoV-2 infection. The focus is on the role of neuroimaging in confirming the diagnosis of ischemic stroke and guiding patient care. The COVID-19 pandemic has posed challenges in di-agnosing and treating patients with neurological pathologies due to the time-sensitive nature of stroke management. The objective of this study was to analyze cases of patients with ischemic stroke and SARS-CoV-2 infection, emphasizing the importance of neuroimaging in confirming the diagnosis. The study aimed to provide insights into the characteristics and clinical manifestations of these patients, contributing to our understanding of the neurological impacts of COVID-19. A retrospective analysis of hospitalized patients with a diagnosis of ischemic stroke and SARS-CoV-2 infection was conducted. The study focused on five representative cases, including patient demographics, medical histories, clinical symptoms, and imaging findings. Brain CT and MRI scans were performed to confirm the diagnosis of ischemic stroke. Among the 120 cases analyzed, 5 representative cases are presented. These cases include patients of varying age and gender with concurrent neurological pathologies and COVID-19 infections. Neuroimaging, such as CT and MRI, confirmed the diagnosis of ischemic stroke in these patients. Patients with SARS-CoV-2 in-fection and ischemic stroke often present with moderate to severe strokes, frequently involving large vessel obstructions. Neuroimaging plays a critical role in diagnosing and characterizing ischemic stroke in these patients. Identifying thrombotic angiopathy, vascular injury, and im-paired vascular autoregulation are essential for prompt diagnosis and treatment. This study emphasizes the significance of neuroimaging in managing patients with both COVID-19 and neurological pathologies, contributing to our understanding of the neurological implications of COVID-19.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 96%

Brain and Blood Vessel Imaging for Ischemic Stroke in Patients with Covid-19—Data from the Literature and Clinical Cases

Axelerad,

Muja,

Stuparu

et al. 2023

ARS Medica Tomitana

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“…First, SARS‐CoV‐2 may cause brain injury and impair the function of neurons and glial cells by the direct invasion through olfactory receptors ‐ ACE2 and TMPRSS2 proteases and indirect route via hematogenous spread 22–25 . Second, SARS‐CoV‐2 may cause coagulopathy and further ischemia or hemorrhagic cerebral insults among patients with COVID‐19 26,27 . Third, the virus can cause an exaggerated inflammation, such as cytokine storm and multisystem inflammation syndrome, and result in central nervous system injury secondary to peripheral organ dysfunction 28,29 .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…[22][23][24][25] Second, SARS-CoV-2 may cause coagulopathy and further ischemia or hemorrhagic cerebral insults among patients with COVID-19. 26,27 Third, the virus can cause an exaggerated inflammation, such as cytokine storm and T A B L E 1 Comparison of characteristics of patients receiving NMV-r and not receiving NMV-r before and after matching. neurocognitive and psychiatric systems.…”

Section: Subgroup Analysesmentioning

confidence: 99%

The effect of nirmatrelvir‐ritonavir on the long‐term risk of neuropsychiatric sequelae following COVID‐19

Liu

Huang

et al. 2023

Journal of Medical Virology

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The retrospective cohort was conducted to assess the effect of nirmatrelvir-ritonavir (NMV-r) on the long-term risk of neuropsychiatric sequela following COVID-19.TriNetX research network was used to identify nonhospitalized adult patients who tested positive for severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 infection or were diagnosed with COVID-19 between March 1, 2020 and July 1, 2022. Further propensity score matching method was used to create two matched cohorts with and without receiving NMV-r. The primary outcome was the incidence of neuropsychiatric sequela within a 90-day to 1-year period following a diagnosis of COVID-19. After screening 119 494 527 electronic health records, two matched cohorts of each 27 194 patients were identified. During the follow-up period, the NMV-r group demonstrated a reduced risk of any neuropsychiatric sequelae compared to the control group (odds ratio [OR], 0.634; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.604−0.667). In comparison with the control group, the patient treated with NMV-r exhibited a markedly diminished risk of developing neurocognitive sequela (OR, 0.377; 95% CI, 0.325−0.439) and psychiatric sequela (OR, 0.629; 95% CI, 0.593−0.666). In addition, patients treated with NMV-r had a significantly reduced risk of developing dementia (OR, 0.365; 95% CI, 0.255−0.522), depression (OR, 0.555; 95% CI, 0.503−0.612), insomnia (OR, 0.582; 95% CI, 0.508−0.668) and anxiety disorder (OR, 0.645 95% CI, 0.600−0.692). Moreover, the beneficial effect of NMV-r on the neuropsychiatric sequelae was observed across further subgroup analyses. Among nonhospitalized COVID-19 patients, who at risk of disease progression, the use of NMV-r is associated with a reduction in the long-term risk of neuropsychiatric sequela, including dementia, depression, insomnia and anxiety disorder. It may be necessary to re-evaluate the use of NMV-r, as a preventive measure to reduce the risk of severe acute disease and post-acute adverse mental health outcomes.

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“…It has been linked to an array of neuropsychiatric symptoms, including depression, anxiety, cognitive impairment, and delirium. The specific mechanisms underlying these symptoms are complicated and multifaceted, involving both the direct impact of the virus on the brain and the psychosocial consequences of the pandemic (Sojka et al, 2022).…”

Section: Neurological Effectsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Harnessing nutritional immunity and advanced diagnostics for COVID-19 prevention

Hakeem,

Sohail,

Hisaindee

et al. 2024

Int. j. adv. appl. sci.

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The ongoing worldwide health crisis caused by the COVID-19 pandemic, which began in Wuhan, China, has led to infections across the globe. Although many vaccines are available, a definitive cure has yet to be found. This study examines methods to lessen the impact of the disease, focusing on preventive actions and strengthening the immune system through diets rich in vitamins and nutrients. Our investigation also considers non-traditional methods, particularly the vital role of early detection in controlling the spread of COVID-19. Accurate diagnostic techniques are essential in this effort. Surprisingly, there is a lack of comprehensive studies on the complex interactions between various vitamins, trace metals, and immunity in relation to COVID-19. Addressing this gap, our review carefully analyzes how diets enriched with vitamin D can boost immunity. Additionally, we explore worldwide challenges that impede the progress of effective and quick diagnostic methods. Our goal is to provide a thorough understanding of the current situation regarding immunity, diagnostic procedures, and treatment approaches for COVID-19. This review not only covers various diagnostic methods for SARS-CoVs but also assesses the effectiveness of different vaccines against COVID-19. Through detailed analysis, we contribute to the ongoing discussion on fighting COVID-19, providing important information for researchers, healthcare workers, and policymakers.

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Ischemic and Hemorrhagic Cerebrovascular Events Related to COVID-19 Coagulopathy and Hypoxemia

Cited by 7 publications

References 95 publications

Brain and Blood Vessel Imaging for Ischemic Stroke in Patients with Covid-19—Data from the Literature and Clinical Cases

Brain and Blood Vessel Imaging for Ischemic Stroke in Patients with Covid-19—Data from the Literature and Clinical Cases

The effect of nirmatrelvir‐ritonavir on the long‐term risk of neuropsychiatric sequelae following COVID‐19

Harnessing nutritional immunity and advanced diagnostics for COVID-19 prevention

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