Ischemia Reperfusion Injury after Gradual versus Rapid Flow Restoration for Middle Cerebral Artery Occlusion Rats

Abstract

Ischemia-reperfusion injury (IRI) is an important cause of adverse prognosis after recanalization in patients with acute occlusion of major intracranial artery (AOMIA). Here, we provided data indicating that gradual flow restoration (GFR) would be superior to rapid flow restoration (RFR) in alleviating cerebral IRIs in middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) rats. A total of 94 MCAO rats with 15, 30 and 60-minute occlusion were randomly assigned to receive either GFR or RFR intervention. There were significant differences between GFR and RFR group in mean neurological severity score (1.02 versus 1.28; p < 0.05), median infarct ratio (0.016 versus 0.12; p < 0.001), median neuronal apoptosis ratio (1.81 versus 14.46; p < 0.001), and mean histopathological abnormality score (0.92 versus 1.66; p < 0.001). In addition, these differences were mainly distributed in 30-minute and 60-minute occlusion rats, not in 15-minute occlusion rats. These results indicated that GFR rather than RFR could effectively alleviate cerebral IRIs in MCAO rats, especially in rats with longer occlusion duration, suggesting that GFR may be particularly applicable to AOMIA patients who are presented to neurointerventionalists in the later-time of recanalization therapy window.

Efficacy of SMTP‐7, a small‐molecule anti‐inflammatory thrombolytic, in embolic stroke in monkeys

“…In consistent with this notion, we observed a moderate elevation of PAP level in the SMTP‐7 group, whereas the elevation of PAP in the t‐PA group was strikingly high (Figure G). As for ischemia‐reperfusion injury in the brain, a gradual reperfusion can be safer than a rapid flow restoration . These findings suggest the benefit of physiological thrombolysis compared to inordinate thrombolysis arising from t‐PA treatment.…”

“…As for ischemia-reperfusion injury in the brain, a gradual reperfusion can be safer than a rapid flow restoration. 38 These findings suggest the benefit of physiological thrombolysis compared to inordinate thrombolysis arising from t-PA treatment.…”

Neuroprotective Effects of Deproteinized Calf Serum in Ischemic Stroke

“…Model animals were randomly divided into two groups and kept in different cages with clear labels: Model and Model + DCS. For rats in the Model + DCS group, one dose of 0.125 mg/gbw DCS (Avanc Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Jinzhou, China) was injected intraperitoneally immediately after reperfusion, and the brains were collected after 24 h [( 22 ), p. 105–110, ( 23 ), p. 256–266, ( 24 ), p. 1638-018-20095–9]. There were 12 animals per group, and the animals were monitored every 8 h with food and water accessible.…”

Secondary Pathology of the Thalamus after Focal Cortical Stroke in Rats is not Associated with Thermal or Mechanical Hypersensitivity and is Not Alleviated by Intra-Thalamic Post-Stroke Delivery of Recombinant CDNF or MANF

“…Although chloral hydrate anesthesia is still used in stroke research 51 –56 , the use has been criticized for ethical and safety reasons 57 . Therefore, we would like to point out that chloral hydrate is not an optimal anesthetic for surgical procedures in rodents and the anesthesia protocol should be further refined.…”