Ischemia-induced irreversible deficit of memory function in gerbils

Katoh, Akira; Ishibashi, Chiyomi; Shiomi, Teruo; Takahara, Yukio; Eigyo, Masami

doi:10.1016/0006-8993(92)90537-j

Cited by 49 publications

(25 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…98100 Severe ischemia (10-15 min in duration) extended neuronal death to other regions, such as the hippocampal CA3 and CA4 subfield, cerebral cortex, striatum, and thalamus. 101 Additionally, there is evidence that transient hypoxia (4.5% oxygen for 30 min) can induce irreversible neuronal damage in the CA1 subfield; such hippocampal lesions can result in deterioration of cognitive memory function. 102 Repeated exposures to extreme altitude can cause mild but persistent cognitive impairment because the brain areas most vulnerable to chronic hypoxia seem to be the hippocampal structures.…”

Section: Neuronal Cellsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cognitive performance, mood, and neurological status at high terrestrial elevation

Banderet¹,

Shukitt-Hale²

2002

PsycEXTRA Dataset

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Public reporting burden for this collection of information is estimated to average 1 hour per response, including the time for reviewing instructions, searching existing data sources, gathering and maintaining the data needed, and completing and reviewing the collection of information. ABSTRACT (Maximum 200 words)Cognitive and psychomotor performance and mood states, including many critical behavioral functions such as sleep, memory, ■ reasoning, and vigilance, are significantly impaired by ascent to HTE higher than 3,000 m. Impairments in behavior caused by HTE can degrade military operations because the judgment and rate and accuracy of performance of military personnel can be affected. Such adverse effects have distinct and measurable time courses; onset of some effects is immediate (cognitive performance), whereas the onset of others is delayed (symptoms of AMS or adverse moods). The behavioral consequences of HTE are primarily dependent on the level of altitude, the duration of exposure the rate of ascent, an individual's state of physiological acclimation or acclimatization, characteristics of the task performed, and characteristics of the individual such as hypoxic sensitivity. Military history documents that the adverse effects induced by HTE need to be considered when military operations at altitude are planned and undertaken. Current research indicates that some performance decrements induced by ascent to extremely high mountains (e.g., Mount Everest, 8,848 m) may persist for a year or longer after return to lower elevations. Psychological, operational, and medical strategies have been employed to minimize these adverse effects. Psychological strategies often involve training and familiarization with the adverse effects that will be experienced at high altitude. Operational strategies include staging at intermediate altitudes, acclimatizing, and using supplemental oxygen from tanks of oxygen generators. Medical strategies often involve the use of medications to improve functioning at altitude and techniques to avoid complications. In most situations, multiple strategies are employed. The strategies now available and new developments to come will ensure that high-altitude military operations in the future will be less affected by adverse changes in cognitive and psychomotor performance and mood.14. SUBJECT TERMS high altitude, hypoxia, cognitive performance, moods, symptoms, time course of altitude effects, behavior NUMBER OF PAGES 3516. PRICE CODE

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Section: Neuronal Cellsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cognitive performance, mood, and neurological status at high terrestrial elevation

Banderet¹,

Shukitt-Hale²

2002

PsycEXTRA Dataset

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“…1,2) Death of the CA1 pyramidal cells following cerebral ischemia causes a variety of neurological dysfunction such as depression and memory deficits. 3,4) In traditional Eastern medicine, the extracts of various Berberidaceae (Berberis aquifolium, Berberis vulgaris and Berberis aristata) are used for rheumatic complaints and other types of chronic inflammation. 5,6) It has been reported that the functional components of the extracts were alkaloid components such as berberine, oxyacanthine, berbamine and palmatine.…”

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confidence: 99%

Berberry Extract Reduces Neuronal Damage and N-Methyl-D-aspartate Receptor 1 Immunoreactivity in the Gerbil Hippocampus after Transient Forebrain Ischemia

Yoo

Hwang

Lim

et al. 2006

Biological & Pharmaceutical Bulletin

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Transient forebrain ischemia, produced by prolonged deprivation of blood flow to the brain, results in the insidious delayed degeneration of specific vulnerable neurons within the hippocampus.1,2) Among hippocampal neurons, pyramidal cells of the hippocampal CA1 region are most vulnerable to cerebral ischemia. 1,2) Death of the CA1 pyramidal cells following cerebral ischemia causes a variety of neurological dysfunction such as depression and memory deficits. 3,4) In traditional Eastern medicine, the extracts of various Berberidaceae (Berberis aquifolium, Berberis vulgaris and Berberis aristata) are used for rheumatic complaints and other types of chronic inflammation. 5,6) It has been reported that the functional components of the extracts were alkaloid components such as berberine, oxyacanthine, berbamine and palmatine.5) The anti-inflammatory and immunosuppressive activity of the Berberidaceae extract is well established. 7,8) Moreover, cardiotonic 9) and antiarrhythmic 10,11) activities have also been reported. Despite the considerable works done on berberic species in inflammation, cardiotonic and antiarrhythmic effects, its effects and roles in ischemic damage in the brain remains to be elucidated.It has been postulated that the neuronal hyperactivity due to an elevation of extracellular excitatory amino acids during ischemia leads to a massive increase in intracellular-free Ca 2ϩ , which may trigger the process of neuronal degeneration. [12][13][14] In the present study, therefore, we investigated the percentage of berberine by HPLC, which is active ingredient, and the neuroprotective effects of crude berberry extract (BE) against ischemic damage and the temporal and spatial alterations of N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor type 1 (NR1) and NR2A/B, the major excitatory amino acid receptors, immunoreactivities in the hippocampus induced by transient ischemia to examine anti-ischemic effects and their roles after transient forebrain ischemia in gerbils. MATERIALS AND METHODS Experimental Animals Male Mongolian gerbils (Meriones unguiculatus) obtained from the Experimental AnimalCenter, Hallym University, Chunchon, South Korea were used in this study. The animals were housed at constant temperature (23°C) at 60% relative humidity under a fixed 12 h light/dark cycle and had free access to food and water. Procedures involving animals and their care conformed with the our institution's guidelines, which are in compliance with current international laws and policies (NIH Guide for the Care and Use of Laboratory Animals, NIH Publication No. 85-23, 1985, revised 1996). All experiments were conducted to minimize the number of animals used and suffering caused.Plant Materials and Extraction Korean berberry (Berberis koreana) was collected in the area around Gyeonggi-do (South Korea) in September 2001. The plants were authenticated and the voucher specimen was deposited in the departmental herbarium of Kangwon National University. For the preparation of the ethanol extract of Berberis koreana, whole plants of theBerberis k...

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“…[1][2][3] Death of hippocampal pyramidal cells following cerebral ischemia underlies the aforementioned cerebral ischemia-induced neuropsychiatric symptoms. 4,5) Several experimental models have been used to mimic brain ischemia conditions and to elucidate the protective activities of test agents against ischemic damage in vitro. Organotypic hippocampal slice culture is one such model.…”

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confidence: 99%

Berberine Exerts Neuroprotective Actions against in Vitro Ischemia-Induced Neuronal Cell Damage in Organotypic Hippocampal Slice Cultures: Involvement of B-Cell Lymphoma 2 Phosphorylation Suppression

Cui

Matsumoto

Murakami

et al. 2009

Biological & Pharmaceutical Bulletin

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Ischemia-induced irreversible deficit of memory function in gerbils

Cited by 49 publications

References 17 publications

Cognitive performance, mood, and neurological status at high terrestrial elevation

Cognitive performance, mood, and neurological status at high terrestrial elevation

Berberry Extract Reduces Neuronal Damage and N-Methyl-D-aspartate Receptor 1 Immunoreactivity in the Gerbil Hippocampus after Transient Forebrain Ischemia

Berberine Exerts Neuroprotective Actions against in Vitro Ischemia-Induced Neuronal Cell Damage in Organotypic Hippocampal Slice Cultures: Involvement of B-Cell Lymphoma 2 Phosphorylation Suppression

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