“…As in the case of the PD nigra, cerebral cortices and hippocampi affected by Alzheimer's disease and CNS tissues subjected to ischemidreperfusion exhibit enhanced glial HO-1 immunoreactivity, abnormal iron deposits, and mitochondrial insufficiency (Oubidar et al, 1994;Reichmann and Riederer, 1994;Schipper et al, 1995;Geddes et al, 1996;Janetzky et al, 1997). In addition, cytokines implicated in the pathogenesis of multiple sclerosis, such as tumor necrosis factor-a and interleukin-1 p, stimulate HO-1 expression in cultured astroglia followed by sequestration of non-transferrinderived iron by the mitochondrial compartment (K. Mehindate, S. Dion, and H. M. Schipper, unpublished results).…”