Is withdrawal-induced anxiety in alcoholism based on β-endorphin deficiency?

Kiefer, Falk; Horntrich, M.; Jahn, Holger; Wiedemann, Klaus

doi:10.1007/s00213-002-1118-y

Cited by 51 publications

(29 citation statements)

References 34 publications

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“…Our findings solidify a connection between cocaine-seeking behavior and the endogenous opioids and corroborate the findings of many other groups (Olive et al, 2001;Kiefer et al, 2002;Marinelli et al, 2003Marinelli et al, , 2004Roth-Deri et al, 2003Shaw and al'Absi, 2008;Seo et al, 2009;Nguyen et al, 2012;Dikshtein et al, 2013;Zhou et al, 2013). b-endorphin is known to play an important role in addictions.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

Combination of Levo-Tetrahydropalmatine and Low Dose Naltrexone: A Promising Treatment for Prevention of Cocaine Relapse

Sushchyk

Wang

2016

Journal of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics

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Relapse to drug use is often cited as the major obstacle in overcoming a drug addiction. Whereas relapse can occur for a myriad of reasons, it is well established that complex neuroadaptations that occur over the course of addiction are major factors. Cocaine, as a potent dopamine transporter blocker, specifically induces alterations in the dopaminergic as well as other monoaminergic neurotransmissions, which lead to cocaine abuse and dependence. Evidence also suggests that adaptations in the endogenous opioids play important roles in pathophysiology of cocaine addiction. Following this evidence, we investigated a combination medication, levotetrahydropalmatine (L-THP) and low dose naltrexone (LDN), targeting primarily dopaminergic and endogenous opioid systems as a cocaine-relapse-prevention treatment. In the present study Wistar rats were used to assess the effects of L-THP and LDN on cocaine self-administration, drug-seeking behavior during cocaine reinstatement, spontaneous locomotion, and effects on the endogenous opioid system. We determined that the combination of L-THP and LDN reduces drug-seeking behavior during reinstatement more potently than L-THP alone. Additionally, the combination of L-THP and LDN attenuates the sedative locomotor effect induced by L-THP. Furthermore, we revealed that treatment with the combination of L-THP and LDN has an upregulatory effect on both plasma b-endorphin and hypothalamic POMC that was not observed in L-THP-treated groups. These results suggest that the combination of L-THP and LDN has great potential as an effective and well-tolerated medication for cocaine relapse prevention.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

Combination of Levo-Tetrahydropalmatine and Low Dose Naltrexone: A Promising Treatment for Prevention of Cocaine Relapse

Sushchyk

Wang

2016

Journal of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics

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“…Investigations of recovering alcoholics have shown that levels of plasma β-endorphin are inversely correlated with self-rated measures of anxiety during the withdrawal period (Kiefer et al, 2002). Augmented negative reinforcement following alcohol consumption for subjects with low β-endorphin is likely because of its role in inhibiting CRH secretion.…”

Section: β-Endorphin and Chronic Alcohol Usementioning

confidence: 99%

“…High levels of cortisol act as negative feedback for HPA axis stress response, (Buckingham, 1986) implicating β-endorphin in both behavioral allostasis and endocrine allostasis. Thus, it is likely that an alcohol-induced reduction of increased basal anxiety levels is a strong negative reinforcing factor in the maintenance of chronic alcohol dependence (Goldowitz et al, 2006;Kiefer et al, 2002).…”

Section: β-Endorphin and Chronic Alcohol Usementioning

confidence: 99%

β-Endorphin and Alcoholism

Barry¹,

Grisel²

2012

Neuroscience - Dealing With Frontiers

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“…The endogenous opioid system has also been implicated in the modulation of alcohol-induced behaviors and alcohol addiction (de Waele and Gianoulakis, 1993;Kiefer et al, 2002;Oswald and Wand, 2004;Patel and Pohorecky, 1989). In fact, the opioid receptor antagonist naloxone is already in clinical use for relapse prevention in abstinent alcoholics.…”

Section: Stress-induced Ethanol Drinking In Cb1 −/− Pomc and Penk mentioning

confidence: 99%

Factors Mediating Alcohol Craving and Relapse: Stress, Compulsivity, and Genetics

Rodd

Anstrom

Knapp

et al. 2005

Alcoholism Clin & Exp Res

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This article represents the proceedings of a symposium at the 2004 annual meeting of the International Society for Biomedical Research on Alcoholism in Heidelberg, Germany. The symposium was organized by Zachary A. Rodd and Giancarlo Colombo. The presentations were (1) Pharmacological reversal of cycled withdrawal-sensitized or stress-sensitized withdrawal anxiety and enhanced ethanol drinking, by Darin J. Knapp and George R. Breese, (2) Alcohol craving and relapse in rats genetically selected for high alcohol preference, by Zachary A. Rodd and Richard L. Bell, (3) Exposure to stress increases dopaminergic burst firing in awake rats, by Kristin Anstrom and Donald J. Woodward, (4) Involvement of cannabinoid CB1 and GABA B receptors in the control of relapselike drinking in alcohol-preferring Sardinian alcohol-preferring rats by Giancarlo Colombo and Salvatore Serra, and (5) Stress-induced ethanol drinking in CB1 −/− , POMC, and PENK knockout mice, by Idiko Racz and Andreas Zimmer. KeywordsAlcohol Relapse; Alcohol Withdrawal; Alcohol Reinforcement; Alcohol Pharmacotherapeutics Animal models are invaluable tools for elucidating the normal and abnormal functions of the human nervous system and behavior. The ability of any animal model to depict aspects of the complex processes that underlie human behavior is predicated on that model being a relevant analog of the human condition. A number of animal models, examining different facets of alcohol-related behaviors, have been constructed to study genetic and neurobiological factors underlying alcoholism and alcohol abuse.In humans, relapse behavior is a ubiquitous problem for individuals "recovering" from alcoholism, since at least 60 to 80% of abstinent alcoholics will relapse during their lifetime (Barrick & Connors, 2002;Chiauzzi, 1991; Jaffe, 2002;Weiss et al., 2001). Although a number of criteria for relapse have been put forth, (Chiauzzi, 1991), the primary criterion holds that a return to levels of ethanol consumption equal to or greater than that observed prior to "abstinence" constitutes a relapse. Because alcohol abuse has been difficult to model in

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Is withdrawal-induced anxiety in alcoholism based on β-endorphin deficiency?

Abstract: Our results give first evidence that lowered beta E during alcohol withdrawal may contribute to anxiety as a common disturbance during this state.

Cited by 51 publications

References 34 publications

Combination of Levo-Tetrahydropalmatine and Low Dose Naltrexone: A Promising Treatment for Prevention of Cocaine Relapse

Combination of Levo-Tetrahydropalmatine and Low Dose Naltrexone: A Promising Treatment for Prevention of Cocaine Relapse

β-Endorphin and Alcoholism

Factors Mediating Alcohol Craving and Relapse: Stress, Compulsivity, and Genetics

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Is withdrawal-induced anxiety in alcoholism based on β-endorphin deficiency?

Abstract: Our results give first evidence that lowered beta E during alcohol withdrawal may contribute to anxiety as a common disturbance during this state.

Cited by 51 publications

References 34 publications

Combination of Levo-Tetrahydropalmatine and Low Dose Naltrexone: A Promising Treatment for Prevention of Cocaine Relapse

Combination of Levo-Tetrahydropalmatine and Low Dose Naltrexone: A Promising Treatment for Prevention of Cocaine Relapse

&beta;-Endorphin and Alcoholism

Factors Mediating Alcohol Craving and Relapse: Stress, Compulsivity, and Genetics

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β-Endorphin and Alcoholism