Is Weak Acid Beneficial for Addressing Checkpoint Inhibitor–Triggered Cancer Hyper Progression in Anti-PD1/PD-L1 Immunotherapies?

Abstract

Numerous cases of checkpoint inhibitor–triggered cancer hyperprogression have been documented. A previous hypothesis attributes cancer onset to the local buildup of hydrogen chloride, jointly mediated by hydrogen bond donors and acceptors and basic amino acids. The anti-PD1/PD-L1 immunotherapies may have caused a surge of protons or chloride ions for the effective treatment of neoplasm, thus giving rise to the local formation of hydrogen chloride and subsequently cancer hyperprogression in some susceptible individuals. It was postulated that the local strength of acidity is critical for tumor growth and metastasis, as the intake of weak organic acids reduces cancer risks. The anti-PD1/PD-L1 immunotherapies can be integrated with weak organic acids to reduce adverse reactions and generate better anticancer outcomes.

Mutagenesis by RNA-containing telomerase holoenzyme complex or R-loops: a missing piece of the puzzle

“…Weak organic acids can be integrated with the telomerase-based remedy to elevate cellular pH and avert negative effects, and help extend lifespan. 5,6 As far as we know, nearly all studies pertinent to lactic acid-containing yogurt have demonstrated anticancer efficacies. 7 The Chinese vinegar factories documented few cancer incidences in several decades, since the weak acetic acid can antagonize both HCl and oxalate.…”

“…21,22 Oncoproteins and tumor suppressors usually possess 10% to over 20% basic amino acids, and turn oncogenic when DNA or amino acid polymorphisms are present. 5,9 The local generation of highly chemically active strong acids thus can help augment DNA mutagenesis, excision, repair and formation of double stranded breaks.…”

How mutation rates are closely associated with animal and human lifespan?

“…With amino acids capable of hydrogen bonding reaching to astonishingly 70% in one protein in HIV1 and high in other proteins, this virus triggers malignancy and diarrhea in AIDS patients (Huang et al 2022). As tumor is both acidic and rigid, neoplastic cells overproduce insoluble and stiff salts to counteract proton stress, which leads to human death (Zhang et al 2022;An et al 2020;Wan et al 2020). Therefore, mutation rate is an indirect metric for the cellular accumulation of insoluble salts upon proton stress.…”

“…Therefore, mutation rate is an indirect metric for the cellular accumulation of insoluble salts upon proton stress. Since weak organic acids modulate both hydrogen bonding and secondary chemical bonding to divalent cations in the form of acids and insoluble salts respectively (Zhang et al 2022;An et al 2020;Wan et al 2020), they may be proper drug leads for human lifespan extension.…”

Why probiotics yogurt is beneficial to HIV/AIDS patients?

“…6 Red meat is characterized by the presence of myoglobin which harbors 19-21% positively charged basic amino acids which attract Cl -. 6,20 Therefore the overconsumption of red meat and processed meat is a concern to people with HIV/AIDS. The integration of antiviral medicine with probiotics could yield favorable outcomes to AIDS patients and meanwhile reduce cancer incidences.…”